Monoethyl fumarate is the monoethyl ester form of fumaric acid. Monoethyl fumarate is an effective preservative and polymerization agent for polymer materials.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C6H8O4
Molecular Weight	144.13
Exact Mass	144.042
CAS #	2459-05-4
Related CAS #	55141-86-1 (hydrochloride salt);62008-21-3 (zinc salt);62008-22-4 (calcium salt);76260-93-0 (lithium salt)
PubChem CID	5358902
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	147 ºC (16 mmHg)
Melting Point	64-69 ºC
Flash Point	109.6±16.1 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.469
LogP	0.29
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	10
Complexity	159
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O(C(/C(/[H])=C(\[H])/C(=O)O[H])=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H]
InChi Key	XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ONEGZZNKSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C6H8O4/c1-2-10-6(9)4-3-5(7)8/h3-4H,2H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/b4-3+
Chemical Name	(E)-4-ethoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References

[1]. Ausama Atwan, et al. Oral Fumaric Acid Esters for Psoriasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Aug 10;2015(8):CD010497.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 100 mg/mL (693.82 mM) H2O: 25 mg/mL (173.45 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	6.9382 mL	34.6909 mL	69.3818 mL
	5 mM	1.3876 mL	6.9382 mL	13.8764 mL
	10 mM	0.6938 mL	3.4691 mL	6.9382 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.