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Mexiletine HCl (Mexitil, Mexiletene, KO-1173, KO 1173; KO1173), the hydrochloride salt of Mexiletine, is an anti-arythmic drug of the Class IB group approved for use in the treatment of abnormal heart rhythms. It act as a non-selective voltage-gated sodium channel blocker that inhibits sodium channels. Mexiletine is also a local anesthetic which is structurally similar to lidocaine.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C11H17NO.HCL | |
| Molecular Weight | 215.72 | |
| Exact Mass | 215.107 | |
| CAS # | 5370-01-4 | |
| Related CAS # | Mexiletine-d6 hydrochloride;1329835-60-0;Mexiletine-d3 hydrochloride | |
| PubChem CID | 21467 | |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder | |
| Density | 0.979 g/cm3 | |
| Boiling Point | 271.5ºC at 760 mmHg | |
| Melting Point | 200-203°C | |
| Flash Point | 112.2ºC | |
| LogP | 3.531 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 2 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 | |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 3 | |
| Heavy Atom Count | 14 | |
| Complexity | 139 | |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 | |
| InChi Key | NFEIBWMZVIVJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C11H17NO.ClH/c1-8-5-4-6-9(2)11(8)13-7-10(3)12;/h4-6,10H,7,12H2,1-3H3;1H | |
| Chemical Name | 1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propan-2-amine hydrochloride | |
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| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 | |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
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| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation Maternal doses of mexiletine up to 600 mg daily produce low levels in milk and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants Failure to thrive in a 17-day-old breastfed infant may possibly have been caused by maternal use of mexiletine or atenolol (or both). The authors felt that mexiletine was unlikely to have caused the problem. A mother breastfed two infants after two pregnancies. The first infant was exposed to mexiletine for only 3 days at 9 months of age and was about 50% breastfed. The second infant was exposed to mexiletine in milk for 3 days at 3 months of age. All maternal dosages were 200 mg three times daily. No adverse effect was observed during sampling in either child. No adverse effect was observed by the mother when the first 2-year-old child was breastfed three to five times a day starting at 10 months while she was taking mexiletine. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. |
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| References | Curr Med Chem.2015;22(11):1400-13;Curr Pain Headache Rep.2010Apr;14(2):145-50. | ||
| Additional Infomation |
Mexiletine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of mexiletine, a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic (Class IB) agent structurally related to lidocaine. Mexiletine exerts its antiarrhythmic effect by inhibiting the inward sodium current in cardiac cells, thereby reducing the rate of rise of the cardiac action potential (phase 0) and decreases automaticity in the Purkinje fibers. This slows nerve impulses in the heart and stabilizes the heartbeat. Mexiletine's anesthetic activity is due to its ability to block sodium influx in peripheral nerves, thereby reducing the rate and intensity of pain impulses reaching the central nervous system. Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties. See also: Mexiletine (has active moiety). Drug Indication Namuscla is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of myotonia in adult patients with non-dystrophic myotonic disorders. Treatment of myotonic disorders |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (463.56 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.6356 mL | 23.1782 mL | 46.3564 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9271 mL | 4.6356 mL | 9.2713 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4636 mL | 2.3178 mL | 4.6356 mL |