Metformin-d6 ( HCl)e is a deuterated form of Metformin HCl. Metformin HCl inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leads to AMPK activation, enhances insulin sensitivity, and may be utilized in the research of type 2 diabetes. Metformin HCl can penetrate the BBB (blood-brain barrier) and induce autophagy.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C4H6D6CLN5
Molecular Weight	171.66
Exact Mass	171.115
CAS #	1185166-01-1
Related CAS #	Metformin hydrochloride;1115-70-4
PubChem CID	45039707
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Melting Point	215-218°C
LogP	1.058
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	1
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	10
Complexity	132
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	[2H]C([2H])([2H])N(C(=N)N=C(N)N)C([2H])([2H])[2H].Cl
InChi Key	OETHQSJEHLVLGH-TXHXQZCNSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H/i1D3,2D3;
Chemical Name	3-(diaminomethylidene)-1,1-bis(trideuteriomethyl)guanidine;hydrochloride
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	AMPK
References	[1]. Acute treatment with metformin improves cardiac function following NSC 37745 induced myocardial infarction in rats. Pharmacol Rep. 2012;64(6):1476-84.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O : 50 mg/mL (291.27 mM) DMSO : 50 mg/mL (291.27 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.12 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.12 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	5.8255 mL	29.1273 mL	58.2547 mL
	5 mM	1.1651 mL	5.8255 mL	11.6509 mL
	10 mM	0.5825 mL	2.9127 mL	5.8255 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.