Malachite green hemioxalate is a triphenylmethane dye that may be utilized to detect phosphate release in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and specific inhibitor of IKBKE, while inhibiting its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate displays anticancer effect both in vitro and in vivo.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H25N2.1/2C2H2O4.C2HO4
Molecular Weight	463.50
Exact Mass	454.165
CAS #	2437-29-8
Related CAS #	10309-95-2 (Parent)
PubChem CID	2724411
Appearance	Green to dark green solid powder
Melting Point	164°C (dec.)
LogP	3.584
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	14
Rotatable Bond Count	7
Heavy Atom Count	68
Complexity	666
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	CNYGFPPAGUCRIC-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChi Code	InChI=1S/2C23H25N2.3C2H2O4/c2*1-24(2)21-14-10-19(11-15-21)23(18-8-6-5-7-9-18)20-12-16-22(17-13-20)25(3)4;3*3-1(4)2(5)6/h2*5-17H,1-4H3;3*(H,3,4)(H,5,6)/q2*+1;;;/p-2
Chemical Name	[4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phenylmethylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;2-hydroxy-2-oxoacetate;oxalic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.(2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets

IKBKE[3]

References

[1]. Permeability of dormant spores of Bacillus subtilis to malachite green and crystal violet. J Gen Microbiol. 1991 Mar; 137(3): 607-13. [2]. Reversible off-on fluorescence probe for hypoxia and imaging of hypoxia-normoxia cycles in live cells. J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Dec 5; 134(48): 19588-91. [3]. Identification of an IKBKE inhibitor with antitumor activity in cancer cells overexpressing IKBKE. Cytokine. 2019 Apr; 116: 78-87.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ≥ 10 mg/mL (21.57 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.39 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.39 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.1575 mL	10.7875 mL	21.5750 mL
	5 mM	0.4315 mL	2.1575 mL	4.3150 mL
	10 mM	0.2157 mL	1.0787 mL	2.1575 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.