MSDC-0602K(Azemiglitazone potassium) is a thiazolidinedione (Ps-TZD) that spares PPARγ; its IC50 value is 18.25 μM. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier is modulated by ezemiglitazone potassium (MPC). Research on fatty liver, including abnormal lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance, can benefit from the use of ezemiglitazone potassium[2]. Both by itself and in conjunction with ligarglutide, the insulin sensitizer acetazolamide potassium improves insulinemia and fatty liver disease in mice[3].

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C19H16KNO5S
Exact Mass	409.04
Elemental Analysis	C, 55.73; H, 3.94; K, 9.55; N, 3.42; O, 19.53; S, 7.83
CAS #	1314533-27-1
Related CAS #	Azemiglitazone;1133819-87-0
PubChem CID	87355566
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	7
Rotatable Bond Count	7
Heavy Atom Count	27
Complexity	538
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	PQCFIIIBRQVVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C19H17NO5S.K/c1-24-15-4-2-3-13(10-15)16(21)11-25-14-7-5-12(6-8-14)9-17-18(22)20-19(23)26-17;/h2-8,10,17H,9,11H2,1H3,(H,20,22,23);/q;+1/p-1
Chemical Name	potassium;5-[[4-[2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazolidin-3-ide-2,4-dione
Synonyms	MSDC 0602; MSDC0602; MSDC-0602; MSDC-0602 potassium
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	PPAR-γ (IC50 = 18.25 μM)
ln Vivo	Diabetic db/db and MS-NASH mice are administered oral gavage of ezemiglitazone potassium, subcutaneous injection of ligliglutide, or a combination of zemiglitazone potassium and ligliglutide. For patients with diabetes and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), this combination treatment may be a useful therapeutic approach.
Animal Protocol	Five-week-old male db/db mice on C57BL/6J background and age/sex-matched db/+ control mice 30 mg/kg MSDC-0602K; 0.2 mg/kg Liraglutide (obtained from MedChemExpress) MSDC-0602K gavage daily, Liraglutide s.c. injection every other day, or combined MSDC-0602K+ Liraglutide
References	[1]. Insulin resistance and metabolic derangements in obese mice are ameliorated by a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-sparing thiazolidinedione. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jul 6;287(28):23537-48. [2]. MSDC-0602K, a metabolic modulator directed at the core pathology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2018 Jul;27(7):631-636. [3]. Novel insulin sensitizer MSDC-0602K improves insulinemia and fatty liver disease in mice, alone and in combination with liraglutide. J Biol Chem. Jan-Jun 2021;296:100807.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 82~250 mg/mL (200.2~610.5 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)