MQA-P is a multifunctional near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe that simultaneously detects ONOO-, viscosity, and polarity within mitochondria. MQA-P displays significant response to ONOO-, λem=645 nm; and is highly sensitive to viscosity/polarity in the NIR channel with λem>704 nm. MQA-P has excited-state intramolecular charge transfer (ESICT) properties and is highly sensitive to polarity by designing N,N-dimethylamino groups as electron donors and quinoline cation units as electron acceptors. MQA-P is used for ferroptosis or cancer diagnosis in vitro and in vivo via dual-channel images.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C40H36BRN2O2P
Molecular Weight	687.60
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Guidelines (This is our suggested protocol; it should be adjusted to meet your unique needs; it is merely a guideline). 1. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used to dissolve MQA-P to create a stock solution (1.0 mM). 2. for ONOO-imaging in live cells. HeLa cells were subjected to three different treatments: 30 minutes of pretreatment with SIN-1 (HY-126849; 100 μM) followed by 30 minutes of incubation with MQA-P (5 μM) as a control. Green channel: λem = 550–670 nm, λex = 405 nm. 3. Imaging of live cell viscosity. HeLa cells were subjected to three different treatments: a 30-minute pretreatment with monensin (10 μM) followed by a 30-minute incubation with MQA-P (5 μM) as a control. Using a confocal laser scanning microscope with red channel (λex=561 nm, λem=680-750 nm), fluorescence pictures were captured. 4. Dual-channel imaging of ferroptosis polarity, viscosity, and ONOO-. HeLa cells were treated with MQA-P (5 μM) for 30 minutes, followed by a 30-minute pretreatment with Erastin (HY-15763; 50 μM) and another 30-minute incubation with MQA-P (5 μM). Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, fluorescence images were obtained for viscosity and polarity in the red channel (λex=561 nm, λem=680-750 nm) and ONOO-in the green channel (λex=405 nm, λem=550-670 nm) [1].
ln Vivo	Guidelines (This is our suggested protocol; it should be adjusted based on your unique requirements as it just offers as a guideline). 1. Isolate normal organs (heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidney) and cancers, then cut each into pieces that are 5 μm thick for tissue section imaging. 2. After incubating the sections for 30 minutes with MQA-P (20 μM), they were rinsed three times with PBS (pH 7.4) and photographed in vivo using a confocal laser scanning microscope. For ONOO-, the green channel (λex=405 nm, λem=550-670 nm) was used, and for viscosity and polarity, the red channel (λex=561 nm, λem=680-750 nm) was used [1].
References	[1]. Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Detection of ONOO-, Viscosity, and Polarity and Its Application in Ferroptosis and Cancer Models. Anal Chem. 2023 Apr 4;95(13):5780-5787.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.4543 mL	7.2717 mL	14.5433 mL
	5 mM	0.2909 mL	1.4543 mL	2.9087 mL
	10 mM	0.1454 mL	0.7272 mL	1.4543 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.