MID-1 is an inhibitor (blocker/antagonist) of MG53-IRS-1 (Mitsugumin 53-insulin receptor substrate 1) interaction. MID-1 disrupts the molecular association of MG53 with IRS-1 and eliminates MG53-induced IRS-1 ubiquitination and skeletal muscle degradation, resulting in increased IRS-1 expression levels, insulin signaling, and glucose uptake.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C12H11N3O4S
Molecular Weight	293.298441171646
Exact Mass	293.047
CAS #	312608-54-1
PubChem CID	2858708
Appearance	Orange to red solid powder
LogP	3.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	20
Complexity	355
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	S1C(=CN=C1NC(C1C=CC(=CC=1)OCC)=O)[N+](=O)[O-]
InChi Key	LMDLIMGAGZHZSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C12H11N3O4S/c1-2-19-9-5-3-8(4-6-9)11(16)14-12-13-7-10(20-12)15(17)18/h3-7H,2H2,1H3,(H,13,14,16)
Chemical Name	4-ethoxy-N-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	MID-1 (5 μM; 24 h) breaks the MG53-IRS-1 interaction, which raises the level of IRS-1 expression in skeletal muscle[1]. When NLUC-IRS-1 and CLUC-C14A are expressed in HEK 293 cells, MID-1 (10 μM; 12 h) decreases the luciferase activity[1]. In HEK 293 cells, MID-1 (1–20 μM; 12 h) interferes with the MG53–IRS-1 interaction but not the MG53–FAK interaction[1]. In HEK 293 cells, MID-1 (0.1-10 μM; 4-24 h) eliminates MG53-induced IRS-1 ubiquitination and degradation[1]. In C2C12 myotubes, MID-1 (5–10 μM; 24 h) boosts insulin signaling and insulin-elicited glucose uptake[1]. Enhances skeletal myogenesis (5–10 μM; 24 h)[1].
ln Vivo	In vivo MID-1 pharmacokinetics are not good[1].
Cell Assay	Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: C2C12 myotubes Tested Concentrations: 5 μM Incubation Duration: 24 h Experimental Results: Increased the IRS-1 protein level.
References	[1]. MG53-IRS-1 (Mitsugumin 53-Insulin Receptor Substrate-1) Interaction Disruptor Sensitizes Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. J Biol Chem. 2016 Dec 23;291(52):26627-26635.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 31.25 mg/mL (106.55 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.08 mg/mL (7.09 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.4095 mL	17.0474 mL	34.0948 mL
	5 mM	0.6819 mL	3.4095 mL	6.8190 mL
	10 mM	0.3409 mL	1.7047 mL	3.4095 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.