L-Cystathionine is a non-protein and sulfur-containing amino acid associated with the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. As a key nonprotein amino acid related to metabolic conditions, it protects against Homocysteine-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and plays an important role in cardiovascular protection.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C7H14N2O4S
Molecular Weight	222.25
Exact Mass	222.067
CAS #	56-88-2
Related CAS #	L-Cystathionine dihydrochloride;DL-Cystathionine;535-34-2;DL-Cystathionine dihydrochloride
PubChem CID	439258
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.4±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	481.0±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	312ºC
Flash Point	244.7±28.7 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±2.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.592
LogP	-0.13
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	7
Rotatable Bond Count	7
Heavy Atom Count	14
Complexity	212
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	2
SMILES	N[C@@H](CCSC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChi Key	ILRYLPWNYFXEMH-WHFBIAKZSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C7H14N2O4S/c8-4(6(10)11)1-2-14-3-5(9)7(12)13/h4-5H,1-3,8-9H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)/t4-,5-/m0/s1
Chemical Name	(2S)-2-amino-4-[(2R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanylbutanoic acid
Synonyms	Cystathionine, L- L-(+)-Cystathionine L-Cystathionine
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Manhattan was markedly increased by homocysteine in HUVEC, an effect that L-cystathionine residues dramatically attenuated. Furthermore, L-cystathionine mitochondria increases mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibits the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), decreases the production of superoxide label, and expresses Bax while blocking its transport to mitochondria. It also prevents cytochrome c from leaking from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. , and fold the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities [1]. L-cystathionine plays a significant role in auxiliary tissues and is a mediator in the L-cysteine transsulfurization route of L-methionine via L-homocysteine [2].
References	[1]. L-Cystathionine Protects against Homocysteine-Induced Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis of Vascular Endothelial Cells. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Nov 25;2019:1253289. [2]. Synthesis and evaluation of L-cystathionine as a standard for amino acid analysis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2017 Jan;81(1):95-101.
Additional Infomation	L-cystathionine is a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from L-homocysteine and L-serine. It has a role as a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a tautomer of a L-cystathionine dizwitterion. L-Cystathionine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Cystathionine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). L-cystathionine has been reported in Equisetum arvense, Daphnia pulex, and other organisms with data available. Cystathionine is an amino acid derivative that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cysteine. It is the product of the ligation of homocysteine and serine by cystathionine beta synthase. Sulfur-containing amino acid formed as an intermediate in the conversion of METHIONINE to CYSTEINE.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	1M HCl : 50 mg/mL (~224.96 mM) H2O : ~25 mg/mL (~112.48 mM) DMSO : ~1 mg/mL (~4.50 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 3.33 mg/mL (14.98 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.4994 mL	22.4972 mL	44.9944 mL
	5 mM	0.8999 mL	4.4994 mL	8.9989 mL
	10 mM	0.4499 mL	2.2497 mL	4.4994 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.