Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C25H26O7 |
| Molecular Weight | 438.47 |
| Exact Mass | 438.168 |
| CAS # | 99119-73-0 |
| PubChem CID | 5481237 |
| Appearance | Light yellow to yellow solid powder |
| LogP | 5.079 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 5 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 7 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 6 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 32 |
| Complexity | 781 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 1 |
| SMILES | CC(=CC[C@H](CC1=C2C(=C(C=C1O)O)C(=O)C(=C(C3=C(C=C(C=C3)O)O)O2)O)C(=C)C)C |
| InChi Key | WAAPHYJTKSTXSX-CQSZACIVSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C25H26O7/c1-12(2)5-6-14(13(3)4)9-17-19(28)11-20(29)21-22(30)23(31)25(32-24(17)21)16-8-7-15(26)10-18(16)27/h5,7-8,10-11,14,26-29,31H,3,6,9H2,1-2,4H3/t14-/m1/s1 |
| Chemical Name | 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-[(2R)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]chromen-4-one |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, kushenol C dose-dependently decreases the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, IL-6, IL1β, MCP-1, and IFN-β. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, kushenol C (50–100 µM) substantially and dose-dependently reduces the phosphorylation of both STAT1 and STAT6 molecules[1]. The expression of HO-1 and its functions in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages are upregulated by kumenol C. By upregulating the endogenous antioxidant defense system comprising glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, Kushenol C protects HaCaT cells from DNA damage and cell death. This system stops reactive oxygen species production from oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) in HaCaT cells[1]. With IC50s of 54.86 and 33.13 µM, respectively, kushenol C inhibits AChE and BChE[2]. |
| References |
[1]. In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activities of Kushenol C Isolated from the Roots of Sophoraflavescens. Molecules. 2020;25(8):1768. Published 2020 Apr 12. [2]. Selective inhibition of prenylated flavonoids from Sophora flavescens against BACE1 and cholinesterases. Am J Chin Med. 2010;38(2):415-429. |
| Additional Infomation | Kushenol C has been reported in Gentiana macrophylla and Sophora flavescens with data available. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2807 mL | 11.4033 mL | 22.8066 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4561 mL | 2.2807 mL | 4.5613 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2281 mL | 1.1403 mL | 2.2807 mL |