Kobusin is a diepoxy lignan extracted from Pnonobio biondii Pamp. Kobusin is an activator of CFTR and CaCCgie chloride channels, and an inhibitor (blocker/antagonist) of ANO1/CaCC (calcium-activated chloride channel) channels.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C21H22O6
Molecular Weight	370.40
Exact Mass	370.142
CAS #	36150-23-9
PubChem CID	182278
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
LogP	3.507
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	27
Complexity	515
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	4
SMILES	COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)[C@@H]2[C@H]3CO[C@@H]([C@H]3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5)OC
InChi Key	AWOGQCSIVCQXBT-VUEDXXQZSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C21H22O6/c1-22-16-5-3-12(7-18(16)23-2)20-14-9-25-21(15(14)10-24-20)13-4-6-17-19(8-13)27-11-26-17/h3-8,14-15,20-21H,9-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,20+,21+/m0/s1
Chemical Name	5-[(3S,3aR,6S,6aR)-6-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Kobusin has the ability to activate the chloride channels of CFTR and CaCCgie (CaCC expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells). Interestingly, Kobusin could block ANO1/CaCC chloride channel activity in FRT cells that express ANO1/CaCC[1].
ln Vivo	Kobusin somewhat decreased the gastrointestinal motility of mice in a research on charcoal transit[1].
References	[1]. Modulation of Chloride Channel Functions by the Plant Lignan Compounds Kobusin and Eudesmin. Front Plant Sci. 2015 Nov 25;6:1041. [2]. Bioassay-guided isolation of bisepoxylignans from the flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp and their antiallergic effects. RSC Adv., 2017,7, 34236-34243.
Additional Infomation	Demethoxyaschantin is a member of the class of furofurans that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole carrying an additional 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl substituent at position 4. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a furofuran, a lignan, a dimethoxybenzene and a member of benzodioxoles. Kobusin has been reported in Raulinoa echinata, Pandanus odoratissimus, and other organisms with data available.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 100 mg/mL (269.98 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.6998 mL	13.4989 mL	26.9978 mL
	5 mM	0.5400 mL	2.6998 mL	5.3996 mL
	10 mM	0.2700 mL	1.3499 mL	2.6998 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.