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Inosine pranobex (Imunovir; Delimmun; Groprinosin), a combinatinon of inosine, acetamidobenzoic acid, and dimethylaminoisopropanol, is a novel, potent, broad-spectrum antiviral agent potentially useful for HIV/AIDs infection. Inosine pranobex is also an immunopotentiator/immunostimulant, and has no direct effect on viral cells.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C52H78N10O17 |
| Molecular Weight | 1115.23 |
| Exact Mass | 1114.554 |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 56.00; H, 7.05; N, 12.56; O, 24.39 |
| CAS # | 36703-88-5 |
| Related CAS # | 36703-88-5 (pranobex);141684-35-7 (phosphoramidite);58-63-9; |
| PubChem CID | 135449284 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| Boiling Point | 732.8ºC at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 397ºC |
| LogP | 1.766 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 13 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 22 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 14 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 79 |
| Complexity | 658 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 4 |
| SMILES | O1[C@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])[C@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@]1([H])N1C([H])=NC2C(N([H])C([H])=NC1=2)=O)O[H])O[H].O([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H].O([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H].O([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H].O([H])C(C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)=O.O([H])C(C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)=O.O([H])C(C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)=O |
| InChi Key | YLDCUKJMEKGGFI-QCSRICIXSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C10H12N4O5.3C9H9NO3.3C5H13NO/c15-1-4-6(16)7(17)10(19-4)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)18;3*1-6(11)10-8-4-2-7(3-5-8)9(12)13;3*1-5(7)4-6(2)3/h2-4,6-7,10,15-17H,1H2,(H,11,12,18);3*2-5H,1H3,(H,10,11)(H,12,13);3*5,7H,4H2,1-3H3/t4-,6-,7-,10-;;;;;;/m1....../s1 |
| Chemical Name | 4-acetamidobenzoic acid compound with 9-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one and 1-(dimethylamino)propan-2-ol (3:1:3) |
| Synonyms | Inosine pranobex; NP113; NP-113; NP 113 |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion Rapidly absorbed from GIT Via urine Biological Half-Life 50 min |
| References |
[1]. Isoprinosine as an immunopotentiator. J Immunopharmacol. 1979;1(3):337-56. |
| Additional Infomation |
Inosine pranobex (Isoprinosine or Methisoprinol) is a combination of inosine, acetamidobenzoic acid, and dimethylaminoisopropanol used as an antiviral drug. Inosine Pranobex is a formulation containing inosine, 4-acetamidobenzoic Acid, and N,N-dimethylaminoisopropanol, with immunomodulatory and antiviral activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, inosine pranobex appears to act as a thymus hormone analog; following administration, this agent may both induce T-cell differentiation and potentiate lymphoproliferative responses against transformed or virally-infected cells. An alkylamino-alcohol complex of inosine used in the treatment of a variety of viral infections. Unlike other antiviral agents, it acts by modifying or stimulating cell-mediated immune processes rather than acting on the virus directly. Drug Indication Inosine pranobex is also indicated for mucocutaneous infections due to herpes simplex virus (type 1 and type II) and for treatment of genital warts as adjunctive therapy to podophyllin or carbon dioxide laser. Mechanism of Action Inosine pranobex stimulates cell-mediated immune processes to viral infections. Pharmacodynamics Works by slowing the growth and spread of the virus in the body. It may also stimulate the immune system in the body, which helps to increase the body's ability to fight these infections. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO : ~62.5 mg/mL (~56.04 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.87 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.87 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.87 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.8967 mL | 4.4834 mL | 8.9668 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1793 mL | 0.8967 mL | 1.7934 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0897 mL | 0.4483 mL | 0.8967 mL |