Ibotenic Acid [(RS)-Ibotenic acid; DL-Ibotenic acid] is a highly potent excitatory amino acid agonist with activity at both the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and trans-ACPD or metabolotropic quisqualate (Qm) receptor sites. Ibotenic Acid causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood. Ibotenic Acid is also a neurotoxin.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C5H6N2O4
Molecular Weight	158.11200
Exact Mass	158.032
CAS #	2552-55-8
PubChem CID	1233
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
Density	1.7±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	458.8±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	141-147 °C
Flash Point	231.3±28.7 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.610
LogP	-1.07
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	5
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	11
Complexity	235
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	IRJCBFDCFXCWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C5H6N2O4/c6-4(5(9)10)2-1-3(8)7-11-2/h1,4H,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)
Chemical Name	2-Amino-2-(3-oxo-1,2-oxazol-5-yl)acetic acid
Synonyms	(RS)-Ibotenic acid DL-Ibotenic acid Ibotenate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	In the central nervous system, amitanic acid (Ibo) operates on both NMDA and trans-ACPD receptors; however, Ibo toxicity has only been linked to NMDA receptor activation. When cortical neurons are exposed to amitanic acid for five minutes, the release of acid dehydrogenase into the culture medium indicates that the acid is hazardous (EC50=77.3±8 μM; n=5) [1].
References	[1]. Ibotenic acid mediates neurotoxicity and phosphoinositide hydrolysis by independent receptormechanisms. Mol Chem Neuropathol. 1992 Feb-Apr;16(1-2):1-10.
Additional Infomation	Ibotenic acid is a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid. It has a role as a neurotoxin. Ibotenic acid has been reported in Amanita gemmata, Amanita muscaria, and other organisms with data available. Ibotenic acid is a chemical compound that is naturally occurring in the mushrooms Amanita muscaria and Amanita pantherina, among others. Ibotenic acid is a powerful neurotoxin that is used as a brain-lesioning agent and has shown to be highly neurotoxic when injected directly into the brains of mice and rats. In 1960's, ibotenic acid was originally isolated from Amanita ibotengutake in Japan. A. ibotengutake is very like to A. pantherina. (L1141) A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O : ~5 mg/mL (~31.62 mM) DMSO : ~5 mg/mL (~31.62 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (3.16 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (3.16 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (3.16 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: 8.67 mg/mL (54.84 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	6.3247 mL	31.6236 mL	63.2471 mL
	5 mM	1.2649 mL	6.3247 mL	12.6494 mL
	10 mM	0.6325 mL	3.1624 mL	6.3247 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.