Heptaminol HCl (RP-2831), the hydrochloride of heptaminol which is an amino alcohol, is a novel and potent vasoconstrictor used in the treatment of low blood pressure, particularly orthostatic hypotension. It is also used as a myocardial stimulant, vasodilator, and to relieve bronchospasm. Its most common therapeutic use is in orthostatic hypotension. The mechanism of heptaminol's therapeutic actions is not well understood although it has been suggested to affect catecholamine release or calcium metabolism.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C8H20CLNO
Molecular Weight	181.70300
Exact Mass	181.123
CAS #	543-15-7
Related CAS #	372-66-7;543-15-7 (HCl);
PubChem CID	10969
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	0.895g/cm3
Boiling Point	250.1ºC at 760mmHg
Melting Point	165-167 °C(lit.)
Flash Point	105.1ºC
LogP	2.777
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	11
Complexity	91.3
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	JZNBMCOSOXIZJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	1S/C8H19NO.ClH/c1-7(9)5-4-6-8(2,3)10;/h7,10H,4-6,9H2,1-3H3;1H
Chemical Name	2-Heptanol, 6-amino-2-methyl-, hydrochloride
Synonyms	RP-2831 hydrochloride; RP 2831 hydrochloride; RP2831 hydrochloride; Arcor tropfen, Cardiosintol, Corasor, Coreptil, Cortensor, Delmiton, EA-85, Heptaminol HCl, Heptaminol hydrochloride, Respirin
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vivo	Topical pretreatment with heptaminol (2.5 nmol per ear) significantly attenuated TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia, skin edema, and fibrosis in Balb/c mouse ear skin. This protective effect was NO-dependent, as it was abolished by co-treatment with the NO scavenger cPTIO. [2] Heptaminol pretreatment did not inhibit TPA-induced infiltration of CD45+ leukocytes or γδ T cells into the ear skin. [2] Heptaminol pretreatment attenuated TPA-induced depletion of tissue-marginating NK cells in mouse ear skin, and this protective effect was abolished by co-treatment with the NOS inhibitor L-NAME, indicating NO dependence. [2]
Animal Protocol	Female Balb/c mice (5 weeks old) were used. Drugs were dissolved in 12 μL of vehicle (acetone for most compounds; heptaminol was dissolved in 50% water/acetone). Pretreatment with heptaminol (2.5 nmol per ear) was applied topically to the ear skin 30 minutes before topical application of TPA (0.4 nmol per ear in acetone). Ear thickness and histological changes were assessed 24 hours after TPA treatment. For flow cytometry analysis of immune cells, ears were collected and processed for cell isolation and staining. [2] In the NK cell depletion study, mice were pretreated topically with heptaminol (2.5 nmol per ear) with or without L-NAME (a NOS inhibitor) 30 minutes before TPA application. Ears were collected 24 hours later for flow cytometric analysis of NK cells. [2]
References	[1]. Heptaminol chlorhydrate: new data. Ann Pharm Fr. 1991;49(3):127-138. [2]. NO-dependent attenuation of TPA-induced immunoinflammatory skin changes in Balb/c mice by pindolol, heptaminol or ATRA, but not by verapamil. Oncotarget. 2016 Jul 26;7(30):47576-47585. [3]. Reiter M. Die indirekt sympathicomimetische Wirkung von Heptaminol auf den Herzmuskel [Indirect sympathomimetic effect of heptaminol on heart muscle]. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmakol. 1970;267(2):114-22. German.
Additional Infomation	An amino alcohol that has been used as a myocardial stimulant and vasodilator and to relieve bronchospasm. Its most common therapeutic use is in orthostatic hypotension. The mechanism of heptaminol's therapeutic actions is not well understood although it has been suggested to affect catecholamine release or calcium metabolism. Heptaminol is described as a vasodilator and a general antagonist to catecholamine release and uptake. It also raises intracellular free calcium levels. [2] The study suggests that the antihyperplastic and anti-inflammatory effects of heptaminol are mediated through stimulation of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production, likely from constitutive NO synthases such as NOS3. [2] Heptaminol did not block TPA-induced vascular leakage or infiltration of autofluorescent leukocytes (e.g., neutrophils/macrophages), as observed by autofluorescence two-photon microscopy. [2] The protective effect of heptaminol against TPA-induced NK cell depletion is NO-dependent. [2]

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~550.36 mM) H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~550.36 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (550.36 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	5.5036 mL	27.5179 mL	55.0358 mL
	5 mM	1.1007 mL	5.5036 mL	11.0072 mL
	10 mM	0.5504 mL	2.7518 mL	5.5036 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.