Guanosine 5'-diphosphate-15N5 (GDP-15N5) dilithium is the 15N (Nitrogen 15)-labelled Guanosine 5'-diphosphate. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) is a nucleoside diphosphate that activates adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive K+ channels. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate is a potential iron mobilizer that blocks hepcidin-ferroportin interaction and modulates the IL-6/stat-3 pathway. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate may be utilized to study inflammation, such as inflammatory anemia (AI).

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C10H13LI215N5O11P2
Molecular Weight	460.03
Exact Mass	455.041
CAS #	95648-84-3
Related CAS #	Guanosine 5'-diphosphate disodium salt;7415-69-2;Guanosine 5'-diphosphate;146-91-8;Guanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium;43139-22-6;Guanosine 5'-diphosphate-13C10 dilithium;Guanosine 5'-diphosphate-d13 dilithium;Guanosine 5'-diphosphate-13C10,15N5 dilithium
PubChem CID	136146382
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	13
Rotatable Bond Count	6
Heavy Atom Count	30
Complexity	760
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	4
SMILES	[Li+].[Li+].C1=NC2=C(N1[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O)[O-])[O-])N=C(NC2=O)N
InChi Key	XNRFDAUEOHRJDZ-LGVAUZIVSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C10H13N5O11P2.2Li/c11-10-13-7-4(8(18)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(17)5(16)3(25-9)1-24-28(22,23)26-27(19,20)21;;/h2-3,5-6,9H,1H2,(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,21)(H3,11,13,14,18);;/q-2;2*+1/t3-,5-,6-,9-;;/m1../s1
Chemical Name	dilithium;(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-5-[[hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl]oxymethyl]oxolane-3,4-diolate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References

[1]. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-216. [2]. Guanosine diphosphate activates an adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive K+ channel in the rabbit portal vein. J Physiol. 1991 Dec;444:397-418. [3]. Identification of Guanosine 5'-diphosphate as Potential Iron Mobilizer: Preventing the Hepcidin-Ferroportin Interaction and Modulating the Interleukin-6/Stat-3 Pathway. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 5;7:40097.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.1738 mL	10.8689 mL	21.7377 mL
	5 mM	0.4348 mL	2.1738 mL	4.3475 mL
	10 mM	0.2174 mL	1.0869 mL	2.1738 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.