Glycodeoxycholic acid monohydrate (GDCA) is a glycine-conjugated form of deoxycholic acid which is a secondary bile acid produced in the liver. It is also a novel and potent nuclear receptor ligand.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C26H45NO6 |
| Molecular Weight | 467.638608694077 |
| Exact Mass | 467.324 |
| CAS # | 1079043-81-4 |
| Related CAS # | Glycodeoxycholic Acid;360-65-6;Glycodeoxycholate Sodium;16409-34-0 |
| PubChem CID | 16219427 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 5 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 6 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 33 |
| Complexity | 727 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 10 |
| SMILES | C[C@H](CCC(=O)NCC(=O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1([C@H](C[C@H]3[C@H]2CC[C@H]4[C@@]3(CC[C@H](C4)O)C)O)C.O |
| InChi Key | DLOTUJUSJVIXDW-YEUHZSMFSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C26H43NO5.H2O/c1-15(4-9-23(30)27-14-24(31)32)19-7-8-20-18-6-5-16-12-17(28)10-11-25(16,2)21(18)13-22(29)26(19,20)3;/h15-22,28-29H,4-14H2,1-3H3,(H,27,30)(H,31,32);1H2/t15-,16-,17-,18+,19-,20+,21+,22+,25+,26-;/m1./s1 |
| Chemical Name | 2-[[(4R)-4-[(3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoyl]amino]acetic acid;hydrate |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| References |
[1]. Enhanced steatosis by nuclear receptor ligands: a study in cultured human hepatocytes and hepatoma cells with a characterized nuclear receptor expression profile. Chem Biol Interact. 2010 Mar 30;184(3):376-87. |
| Additional Infomation |
Glycodeoxycholic Acid (hydrate) is a bile acid glycine conjugate. A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~213.84 mM) H2O : ~1 mg/mL (~2.14 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1384 mL | 10.6920 mL | 21.3840 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4277 mL | 2.1384 mL | 4.2768 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2138 mL | 1.0692 mL | 2.1384 mL |