GSK3987 is a broad LXRα/β agonist with EC50s of 50 nM and 40 nM, respectively. GSK3987 increases the expression of ABCA1 and SREBP-1c proteins. GSK3987 induces cellular cholesterol efflux and triglyceride accumulation.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C24H20N2O3
Molecular Weight	384.427206039429
Exact Mass	384.147
CAS #	264206-85-1
Related CAS #	264206-85-1 GSK3987
PubChem CID	5288679
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	572.4±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	299.9±30.1 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.684
LogP	4.35
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	6
Heavy Atom Count	29
Complexity	624
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	HLZMYWLMBBLASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C24H20N2O3/c1-29-20-14-12-19(13-15-20)25-22-21(18-10-6-3-7-11-18)23(27)26(24(22)28)16-17-8-4-2-5-9-17/h2-15,25H,16H2,1H3
Chemical Name	1-benzyl-3-(4-methoxyanilino)-4-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	GSK3987 (compound 4) has EC50 activities of 0.08 μM, 50 nM, and 40 nM against ABCA1, LXRα-SRC1, and LXRβ-SRC1, respectively [1]. GSK3987 (30, 100, 300, and 1000 nM) in primary human macrophages increases ABCA1 expression and dose-dependently induces lysis to apoA1 particles [1]. In human template (HepG2), GSK3987 (6–1500 nM) induces triglyceride expression and dose-dependently increases SREBP-1c expression.
Cell Assay	RT-PCR[1] Cell Types: HepG2 cells Tested Concentrations: 6-1500 nM Incubation Duration: Experimental Results: Increases the expression of SREBP-1c in human liver cancer (HepG2) cells and induces triglyceride accumulation [1]. dose-dependent manner.
References	[1]. HepG2 cells, ABCA1, SREBP-1c, cellular cholesterol, macrophages, triglyceride accumulation.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~260.13 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.6013 mL	13.0063 mL	26.0125 mL
	5 mM	0.5203 mL	2.6013 mL	5.2025 mL
	10 mM	0.2601 mL	1.3006 mL	2.6013 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.