Freselestat quarterhydrate (ONO-6818 quarterhydrate) is a potent and orally bioactive neutrophil elastase inhibitor (antagonist) with Ki of 12.2 nM. Freselestat quarterhydrate is over 100 times less active and potent against other proteases such as trypsin, proteinase 3, pancreatic elastase, plasmin, thrombin, collagenase, cathepsin G and murine macrophage elastase. inflammatory activity.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H28N6O4.1/4H2O
Molecular Weight	457.03
Related CAS #	Freselestat;208848-19-5
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	Ki: 12.2 nM (Neutrophil elastase)[3]
ln Vitro	In order to create a simulation of extracorporeal circulation, 3.75 U/mL of freshly heparinized human blood are circulated for 120 minutes using a roller pump and membrane oxygenator, both with and without 1.0 μM of Freselestat (ONO-6818). The Freselestat group exhibits significantly reduced levels of neutrophil elastase. Freselestat dramatically lowers the synthesis of C5b-9 and interleukin 8. L-selectin and CD11b alterations during recirculation are not modulated by frecelsestat[3].
ln Vivo	Freselestat (ONO-6818; oral; 10-100 mg/kg; once day; 8 weeks) Treatment reduces hemoglobin, neutrophil count, and lung myeloperoxidase activity increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid that are dose-dependently produced by HNE. ONO-6818 reduces lung bleeding and neutrophil buildup in the lungs to prevent acute lung damage brought on by HNE[1].
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: Male Wistar rats (228 g) induced by human neutrophil elastase (HNE)[1] Doses: 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg Route of Administration: Oral administration; daily; for 8 weeks Experimental Results: Attenuated dose-dependently HNE-induced increases in lung myeloperoxidase activity, hemoglobin, and neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
References	[1]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug 15;166(4):496-500. [2]. Design and synthesis of new orally active inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase. Bioorg Med Chem. 2001 May;9(5):1307-23. [3]. Effects of the neutrophil elastase inhibitor (ONO-6818) on acetic acid induced colitis in Syrian hamsters. J Vet Med Sci. 2004 Oct;66(10):1223-8. [4]. ONO-6818, a novel, potent neutrophil elastase inhibitor, reduces inflammatory mediators during simulated extracorporeal circulation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003 Oct;76(4):1234-9.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.1880 mL	10.9402 mL	21.8804 mL
	5 mM	0.4376 mL	2.1880 mL	4.3761 mL
	10 mM	0.2188 mL	1.0940 mL	2.1880 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.