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Fluralaner (A-1443; AH-252723; trade name: Bravecto) is an orally bioavailable and systemic insecticide and acaricide approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the trade name Bravecto for flea treatment in dogs in May 2014. The EU approved the drug in February 2014. The mechanism of action of Fluralaner is to inhibit γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channels (GABACls) and l-glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls).
Physicochemical Properties
| Exact Mass | 555.055 |
| CAS # | 864731-61-3 |
| Related CAS # | Fluralaner-13C2,15N,d3 |
| PubChem CID | 25144319 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| LogP | 5.959 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 10 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 6 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 36 |
| Complexity | 846 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| InChi Key | MLBZKOGAMRTSKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C22H17Cl2F6N3O3/c1-11-4-12(2-3-16(11)19(35)31-9-18(34)32-10-21(25,26)27)17-8-20(36-33-17,22(28,29)30)13-5-14(23)7-15(24)6-13/h2-7H,8-10H2,1H3,(H,31,35)(H,32,34) |
| Chemical Name | 4-(5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)-2-methyl-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)benzamide |
| Synonyms | AH252723; A-1443; AH-252723; A1443; AH 252723; A 1443; Fluralaner, trade name: Bravecto. |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Fluralaner successfully prevents fleas from reproducing in vitro. Even at doses as low as 25.0 ng/mL, egg laying totally stops. Fluralaner exhibits larvicidal activity at extremely low doses (6.25 ng/mL), despite the fact that no ovicidal effect was noted [1]. |
| ln Vivo | Over the course of 12 weeks, dogs treated with fluralaner achieved >99% flea control in a simulated flea-infested environment. Dogs treated with floranan did not have any negative side effects. Fluralaner offers total control over flea reproduction, larval development, and egg laying, even at sub-insecticidal concentrations. In conditions that mimic flea infestation, oral treatment of dogs with flanel is quite effective in getting rid of fleas [1][2]. |
| References |
[1]. Williams H, et al. Fluralaner, a novel isoxazoline, prevents flea (Ctenocephalides felis) reproduction in vitro and in asimulated home environment. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Jun 19;7:275. [2]. Walther FM, et al. Safety of fluralaner, a novel systemic antiparasitic drug, in MDR1(-/-) Collies after oral administration. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Mar 6;7:86 |
| Additional Infomation |
See also: Fluralaner; Moxidectin (component of). Drug Indication Dogs: - For the treatment of tick and flea infestations; The product can be used as part of a treatment strategy for the control of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD). - For the treatment of demodicosis caused by Demodex canis; - For the treatment of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis) infestation. - For reduction of the risk of infection with Babesia canis canis via transmission by Dermacentor reticulatus. [chewable tablets only]Cats: - For the treatment of tick and flea infestations; The product can be used as part of a treatment strategy for the control of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD). - For the treatment of infestations with ear mites (Otodectes cynotis). Treatment of poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) infestation in pullets, breeders and layer hens. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO : ~200 mg/mL (~359.52 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (4.49 mM) in 5% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 50% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.49 mM) (saturation unknown) in 5% DMSO + 95% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.25 mg/mL (4.04 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 22.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: ≥ 2.25 mg/mL (4.04 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 22.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 5: ≥ 2.25 mg/mL (4.04 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 22.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |