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Fenoldopam mesyalte (SKF-82526) is a synthetic benzazepine analog acting as a selective D1 receptor partial agonist. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized it in September 1997 as an antihypertensive medication. Fenoldopam may be helpful in hypertensive patients with concurrent renal insufficiency since it is the only intravenous medication that enhances renal perfusion.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C16H16CLNO3 |
| Molecular Weight | 401.860 |
| Exact Mass | 401.07 |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 50.81; H, 5.02; Cl, 8.82; N, 3.49; O, 23.89; S, 7.98 |
| CAS # | 67227-57-0 |
| Related CAS # | Fenoldopam hydrochloride; 181217-39-0; Fenoldopam; 67227-56-9 |
| PubChem CID | 49659 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| Density | 1.38g/cm3 |
| Boiling Point | 522.6ºC at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 269.9ºC |
| LogP | 3.776 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 5 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 7 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 1 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 26 |
| Complexity | 441 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| SMILES | ClC1C(=C(C([H])=C2C=1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])C([H])([H])C2([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])O[H])O[H])O[H].S(C([H])([H])[H])(=O)(=O)O[H] |
| InChi Key | CVKUMNRCIJMVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C16H16ClNO3.CH4O3S/c17-15-11-5-6-18-8-13(9-1-3-10(19)4-2-9)12(11)7-14(20)16(15)21;1-5(2,3)4/h1-4,7,13,18-21H,5-6,8H2;1H3,(H,2,3,4) |
| Chemical Name | 9-chloro-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol;methanesulfonic acid |
| Synonyms | SKF 82526J; SKF82526J; SKF-82526J; Fenoldopam mesylate; Corlopam |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.03.00 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | LSD1 ( IC50 = 0.8974 μM ) |
| ln Vitro |
Fenoldopam is a weak partial agonist that is associated with the production of cAMP in LLC-PK1 cells by DA1 receptors[1]. Fenoldopam (0-300 μM; 48 or 72 h) exhibits strong antiproliferative activity against RCC cell lines[2]. Fenoldopam (5 μM and 10 μM; 72 h) causes cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner[2]. |
| ln Vivo | Fenoldopam mesylate (subcutaneous injection; 100 mg/kg; once daily; 2 d) can cause a rat's arthritis, which can be seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)[3]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell Line: 786-O, ACHN, and HK-2 cells Concentration: 0-300 μM Incubation Time: 48 or 72 hours Result: Inhibited the growth of ACHN cells (IC50=16.55 μM, 48 h; IC50=10.34 μM, 72 h), 786-O cells (IC50=57.89 μM, 48 h; IC50=47.52 μM, 72 h), and HK2 cells (IC50>300 μM, 48h and 72 h). |
| Animal Protocol |
Female Sprague-Dawley rats 100 mg/kg Subcutaneous injection; 100 mg/kg; once daily; 2 days |
| References |
[1]. Fenoldopam is a partial agonist at dopamine-1 (DA1) receptors in LLC-PK1 cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1991 Jul 1;258(1):193-8. [2]. Identification of fenoldopam as a novel LSD1 inhibitor to abrogate the proliferation of renal cell carcinoma using drug repurposing strategy. Bioorg Chem. 2021 Mar;108:104561. [3]. Detection of fenoldopam-induced arteritis in rats using ex vivo / in vivo MRI. Toxicology Reports, Volume 9, 2022, Pages 1595-1602. |
| Additional Infomation |
Fenoldopam mesylate is a benzazepine. Fenoldopam Mesylate is the mesylate salt form of fenoldopam, a benzazepine derivative with rapid-acting vasodilator activity. Fenoldopam mesylate is a racemic mixture of S- and R- isomers; the latter is responsible for the biological activity and has a significantly higher affinity for dopamine D1-like receptors (D1 and D5) as well as moderate affinity to alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. This agent selectively activates the dopamine D1-like receptor, thereby causing vasodilatation and increasing renal perfusion. A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation. See also: Fenoldopam (has active moiety). |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO: ~80 mg/mL (~199.1 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4884 mL | 12.4421 mL | 24.8843 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4977 mL | 2.4884 mL | 4.9769 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2488 mL | 1.2442 mL | 2.4884 mL |