Fabomotizole hydrochloride (CM346; Afobazole) is a novel, potent and selective anxiolytic drug that produces anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects without any sedative or muscle relaxant actions. It was launched in Russia in the early 2000s. It produces anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects without any sedative or muscle relaxant actions. Its mechanism of action remains poorly defined however, with GABAergic, NGF- and BDNF-release-promoting, MT1 receptor agonism, MT3 receptor antagonism, and sigma agonism suggested as potential mechanisms. Fabomotizole was shown to inhibit MAO-A reversibly and there might be also some involvement with serotonin receptors. Clinical trials have shown fabomotizole to be well tolerated and reasonably effective for the treatment of anxiety.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C₁₅H₂₂CLN₃O₂S
Molecular Weight	343.872081279755
Exact Mass	343.112
CAS #	173352-39-1
Related CAS #	Fabomotizole;173352-21-1
PubChem CID	9862936
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
LogP	3.125
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	5
Rotatable Bond Count	6
Heavy Atom Count	22
Complexity	315
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	Cl.S(C1=NC2C=CC(=CC=2N1)OCC)CCN1CCOCC1
InChi Key	MYSRFAUFQZYTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	1S/C15H21N3O2S.ClH/c1-2-20-12-3-4-13-14(11-12)17-15(16-13)21-10-7-18-5-8-19-9-6-18/h3-4,11H,2,5-10H2,1H3,(H,16,17)1H
Chemical Name	4-(2-((5-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)thio)ethyl)morpholine hydrochloride
Synonyms	CM346 Afobazol HCl, CM 346Afobazol Hydrochloride CM-346 Fabomotizole Afobazole
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Afobazole's exact mode of action is still unknown, although possible mechanisms include sigma agonism, MT1 receptor antagonism, GABAergic stimulation, NGF and BDNF release promotion, and MT1 receptor antagonism. Alfobazole may also be connected to serotonin receptors in addition to its demonstrated ability to reversibly inhibit MAO-A. Outside of Russia, azobazole is rarely used clinically, and the FDA has not reviewed this medication.
References	[1]. Afobazole, From Wikipedia
Additional Infomation	See also: Fabomotizole (annotation moved to).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~290.81 mM) DMSO : ≥ 44 mg/mL (~127.96 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 50 mg/mL (145.40 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.9081 mL	14.5404 mL	29.0808 mL
	5 mM	0.5816 mL	2.9081 mL	5.8162 mL
	10 mM	0.2908 mL	1.4540 mL	2.9081 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.