Etofenamate, formerly known as TVX485 and WHR-5020, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of joint and muscular pain. The Etofenamate gel ( 5.0% (w/w) ) with 30% ethanol showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity with suitable physical chemical and microbiologic characteristics. In vitro release and permeation studies revealed that the different amounts of ethanol used influenced the release profiles of etofenamate. Moreover, it was demonstrated that this formulation is an adequate vehicle for the etofenamate skin permeation.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C18H18F3NO4
Molecular Weight	369.3402
Exact Mass	369.118
CAS #	30544-47-9
Related CAS #	Etofenamate-d4;1329837-73-1
PubChem CID	35375
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow ointment
Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	451.1±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	25°C
Flash Point	226.6±28.7 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.552
LogP	4.14
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	8
Rotatable Bond Count	9
Heavy Atom Count	26
Complexity	433
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O=C(OCCOCCO)C1=CC=CC=C1NC2=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C2
InChi Key	XILVEPYQJIOVNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C18H18F3NO4/c19-18(20,21)13-4-3-5-14(12-13)22-16-7-2-1-6-15(16)17(24)26-11-10-25-9-8-23/h1-7,12,22-23H,8-11H2
Chemical Name	2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl 2-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)benzoate
Synonyms	TVX485 TVX-485 TVX 485 WHR-5020 WHR 5020 WHR5020 Etofenamate Bay d 1107 Bayrogel Rheumon.
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References	Peraman R, Bhadraya K, Reddy YP, Reddy CS, Lokesh T. Analytical Quality by Design Approach in RP-HPLC Method Development for the Assay of Etofenamate in Dosage Forms. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2015 Nov-Dec;77(6):751-7. PubMed PMID: 26997704; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4778236.
Additional Infomation	2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]benzoic acid 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl ester is a benzoate ester. Etofenamate is used to treat muscle and joint paint. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

Ethanol : ~120 mg/mL (~324.90 mM) DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (~135.38 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.77 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.77 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.77 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.7075 mL	13.5377 mL	27.0753 mL
	5 mM	0.5415 mL	2.7075 mL	5.4151 mL
	10 mM	0.2708 mL	1.3538 mL	2.7075 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.