Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (H-Glu(H-Lys-OH)-OH) TFA is an analogue of N(6)-acyl-L-lysine. In some diseases (eg, nondiabetic nephropathy, glaucoma), tissue transglutaminase (tTg) increases the formation of Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine bonds between ECM components.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C13H22F3N3O7
Molecular Weight	389.32
Related CAS #	Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine;17105-15-6
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References

[1]. Potential Role of Tissue Transglutaminase in Glaucoma Filtering Surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Sep;47(9):3835-45. [2]. Elevated Epsilon-(Gamma-Glutamyl)lysine in Human Diabetic Nephropathy Results From Increased Expression and Cellular Release of Tissue Transglutaminase.Nephron Clin Pract. 2004;97(3):c108-17.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO :~250 mg/mL (~642.15 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.5686 mL	12.8429 mL	25.6858 mL
	5 mM	0.5137 mL	2.5686 mL	5.1372 mL
	10 mM	0.2569 mL	1.2843 mL	2.5686 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.