Enrofloxacin hydrochloride (BAY-Vp2674 hydrochloride; PD160788 hydrochloride; trade name Baytril) is a potent fluoroquinolone antibiotic with an MIC90 of 0.312 μg/mL for Mycoplasma bovis. Enrofloxacin is developed by the Bayer group. Enrofloxacin is currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of individual pets and domestic animals in the United States. Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic. Although the mechanism of action is not wellunderstood, Enrofloxacin is effective against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negativebacteria including most species of the following: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, E.coli., Enterobacter, Campylobacter, Shigella, Salmonella, Aeromonas, Haemophilus, Proteus, Yersinia, Serratia, Vibrio, Brucella, Chlamydia, Staphylococci (including some methicillin resistant strains).

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C19H23CLFN3O3
Molecular Weight	395.8556
Exact Mass	395.141
CAS #	112732-17-9
Related CAS #	93106-60-6
PubChem CID	45357113
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
Density	1.385g/cm3
Boiling Point	560.5ºC at 760mmHg
Flash Point	292.8ºC
Vapour Pressure	2.57E-14mmHg at 25°C
LogP	3.12
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	7
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	27
Complexity	613
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	Cl[H].FC1C([H])=C2C(C(C(=O)O[H])=C([H])N(C2=C([H])C=1N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H])C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H])=O
InChi Key	PZJWYUDBXNNVLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C19H22FN3O3.ClH/c1-2-21-5-7-22(8-6-21)17-10-16-13(9-15(17)20)18(24)14(19(25)26)11-23(16)12-3-4-12;/h9-12H,2-8H2,1H3,(H,25,26);1H
Chemical Name	1-cyclopropyl-7-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-fluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid;hydrochloride
Synonyms	Baytril; Enrofloxacine hydrochloride; CFPQ hydrochloride; Bay-Vp-2674 hydrochloride; BAY-Vp2674; PD 160788; BAY-Vp2674; PD160788 hydrochloride; BAY-Vp 2674; PD-160788; endrofloxicin.
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Animal Protocol	Enrofloxacin (Baytril 2.5% oral solution) was dispensed in saline (2 mg/mL), antibiotic-treated animals received a daily orally dispensed dose of 10 mg per kg body weight via feeding needle every 12 hours over a period of 7 days, while placebo animals received the same amount of saline via feeding needle. Animals of preventive antibiotic group obtained enrofloxacin after waking from reperfusion anesthesia (ca. 1 hour after operation).
References	BMC Vet Res. 2014 Oct 25;10:256.;J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2013 Jun;33(6):846-54.
Additional Infomation	Enrofloxacin hydrochloride is a member of quinolines.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.5261 mL	12.6307 mL	25.2615 mL
	5 mM	0.5052 mL	2.5261 mL	5.0523 mL
	10 mM	0.2526 mL	1.2631 mL	2.5261 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.