Dulcite is a slightly sweet sugar alcohol that is a metabolic breakdown product of galactose.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C6H14O6
Molecular Weight	182.1718
Exact Mass	182.079
CAS #	608-66-2
Related CAS #	Dulcite-13C;2484171-11-9;Dulcite-13C-1;Dulcite-13C-2;Dulcite-13C-3;Dulcite-d2;91992-02-8
PubChem CID	11850
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.6±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	494.9±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	188-189ºC
Flash Point	292.5±23.3 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.597
LogP	-4.67
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	6
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	5
Heavy Atom Count	12
Complexity	105
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	4
SMILES	C([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](CO)O)O)O)O)O
InChi Key	FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6-
Chemical Name	(2R,3S,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
Synonyms	Dulcitol; Melampyrit; NSC 1944; NSC1944; NSC-1944;
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Toxicity Summary Accumulation of galactitol in the body has been shown to be toxic. Accumulation of galactitol in the lens causes the osmotic phenomena and results in cataract formation. It may form in excess in the lens of the eye in galactosemias, a deficiency of galactokinase.
References	[1]. Effect of 5% galactose diet on galactose and dulcitol in plasma and lens of male and female pigs. Ann Nutr Metab. 1989;33(6):323-9.
Additional Infomation	Galactitol is an optically inactive hexitol having meso-configuration. It has a role as a metabolite, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. Galactitol is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Galactitol has been reported in Gymnopilus spectabilis, Salacia chinensis, and other organisms with data available. Galactitol is a naturally occurring product of plants obtained following reduction of galactose. It appears as a white crystalline powder with a slight sweet taste. It may form in excess in the lens of the eye in galactosemias a deficiency of galactokinase. A naturally occurring product of plants obtained following reduction of GALACTOSE. It appears as a white crystalline powder with a slight sweet taste. It may form in excess in the lens of the eye in GALACTOSEMIAS, a deficiency of GALACTOKINASE.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O : ≥ 25 mg/mL (~137.23 mM) DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~137.23 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	5.4894 mL	27.4469 mL	54.8938 mL
	5 mM	1.0979 mL	5.4894 mL	10.9788 mL
	10 mM	0.5489 mL	2.7447 mL	5.4894 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.