Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl docosahexaenoate) is a 90% concentration of docosahexaenoic acid made from microalgae oil. Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester enhances 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal damage by inducing lipid peroxidation in the striatum of mice. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a key component of cell membranes and its peroxidation is inducible due to its double-bond chemical structure. Docosahexaenoic acid has neuro-protection effects.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C24H36O2
Molecular Weight	356.54
Exact Mass	355.264
CAS #	81926-94-5
Related CAS #	Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester-d5;2692624-15-8;Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester-d5-1;159146-01-7
PubChem CID	9831416
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
LogP	5.994
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	16
Heavy Atom Count	26
Complexity	490
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	C(/CCC(=O)OCC)=C/C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CC
InChi Key	ITNKVODZACVXDS-YNUSHXQLSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C24H36O2/c1-3-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24(25)26-4-2/h5-6,8-9,11-12,14-15,17-18,20-21H,3-4,7,10,13,16,19,22-23H2,1-2H3/b6-5-,9-8-,12-11-,15-14-,18-17-,21-20-
Chemical Name	ethyl (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vivo	Twice daily for seven days, 500 mg/kg of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester (DHA-EE) intraperitoneally (i.p.) amplifies the 6-OHDA-induced decrease in striatal dopamine levels [2].
References	[1]. Dahms I, et al. Safety of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) administered as DHA ethyl ester in a 9-month toxicity study in dogs. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016;92:50-57. [2]. Kabuto H, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester enhances 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal damage by induction of lipid peroxidation in mouse striatum. Neurochem Res. 2009;34(7):1299-1303.
Additional Infomation	Ethyl (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate is a long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol. It is functionally related to an all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 100 mg/mL (280.47 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (7.01 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (7.01 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.01 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.8047 mL	14.0237 mL	28.0473 mL
	5 mM	0.5609 mL	2.8047 mL	5.6095 mL
	10 mM	0.2805 mL	1.4024 mL	2.8047 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.