Dipraglurant (ADX48621) is a potent, selective, orally bioactive and BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeable/penetrable negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of mGluR5 with IC50 of 21 nM. Dipraglurant reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Dipraglurant is a reagent for click chemistry. It has Alkyne groups and could undergo CuAAc (copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction) with compounds bearing Azide groups.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C16H12FN3
Molecular Weight	265.2914
Exact Mass	265.102
CAS #	872363-17-2
PubChem CID	44557636
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
LogP	2.852
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	3
Heavy Atom Count	20
Complexity	386
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	LZXMUJCJAWVHPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C16H12FN3/c17-13-8-9-16-19-15(12-20(16)11-13)7-2-1-5-14-6-3-4-10-18-14/h3-4,6,8-12H,2,7H2
Chemical Name	6-fluoro-2-(4-pyridin-2-ylbut-3-ynyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine
Synonyms	ADX 48621; ADX48621; ADX-48621
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Quinpirole, a D2R agonist, and caged dopamine (NPEC-Dopamine) both cause aberrant membrane responses and calcium elevations that are counteracted by dipragrant (1–10 μM; 15 minutes) [3].
ln Vivo	Dipraglurant (3–30 mg/kg; single oral dose) decreases chorea and dystonia brought on by levodopa and does not affect how well levodopa works to treat Parkinson's disease in handicapped macaques [1]. Following oral treatment (3, 10, 30 mg/kg), dipraglutan showed Cmax (1.040, 1.380, 5.310 ng/mL), Tmax (1.0, 0.5, 1.0 h), and AUCinf (2.230, 2.860, 15.700) in macaques [1].
References	[1]. The Synthesis and Use of Certain Pyridine Derivatives as Modulators of the G-protein Coupled Receptors mGlu5 and P2Y12. [2]. The mGluR5 negative allosteric modulator dipraglurant reduces dyskinesia in the MPTP macaque model. Mov Disord. 2014 Jul;29(8):1074-9. [3]. Negative allosteric modulation of mGlu5 receptor rescues striatal D2 dopamine receptor dysfunction in rodent models of DYT1 dystonia. Neuropharmacology. 2014 Oct;85:440-50.
Additional Infomation	Dipraglurant has been used in trials studying the treatment of Parkinson's Disease. It is a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) negative allosteric modulator (NAM).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ≥ 40 mg/mL (~150.78 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.7695 mL	18.8473 mL	37.6946 mL
	5 mM	0.7539 mL	3.7695 mL	7.5389 mL
	10 mM	0.3769 mL	1.8847 mL	3.7695 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.