Danofloxacin Mesylate (formerly also known as CP-76136-27), the mesylate salt of danofloxacin, is a fluoroquinolone class of antibiotic for veterinary use. It has an MIC90 of 0.28 μM and acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA-gyrase, which is necessary for DNA replication. The minimum inhibitory concentration of danofloxacin against 90% (MIC90) of contemporary European and North American field isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus somnus, the most important bacterial respiratory pathogens of cattle, is 0.125 μg/ml. Danofloxacin shows protective dose (PD50) of 0.38, 0.8, 2.42 mg/kg for P. multocida, E. coli and S. choleraesuis in in vivo mouse protection assay.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C19H20FN3O3.CH4O3S
Molecular Weight	453.48
Exact Mass	453.136
Elemental Analysis	C, 52.97; H, 5.33; F, 4.19; N, 9.27; O, 21.17; S, 7.07
CAS #	119478-55-6
Related CAS #	Danofloxacin;112398-08-0;Danofloxacin-d3 mesylate;1217860-94-0
PubChem CID	71334
Appearance	Solid powder
Boiling Point	569.3ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	337-339ºC
Flash Point	298.1ºC
Vapour Pressure	8.41E-14mmHg at 25°C
LogP	2.654
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	10
Rotatable Bond Count	3
Heavy Atom Count	31
Complexity	772
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	2
SMILES	S(C([H])([H])[H])(=O)(=O)O[H].FC1C([H])=C2C(C(C(=O)O[H])=C([H])N(C2=C([H])C=1N1C([H])([H])[C@]2([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])C([H])([H])N2C([H])([H])[H])C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H])=O
InChi Key	APFDJSVKQNSTKF-FXMYHANSSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C19H20FN3O3.CH4O3S/c1-21-7-12-4-11(21)8-22(12)17-6-16-13(5-15(17)20)18(24)14(19(25)26)9-23(16)10-2-3-10;1-5(2,3)4/h5-6,9-12H,2-4,7-8H2,1H3,(H,25,26);1H3,(H,2,3,4)/t11-,12-;/m0./s1
Chemical Name	1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-((1S,4S)-5-methyl-2,5-diazabicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, monomethanesulfonate
Synonyms	CP 76,136-27; CP-76,136-27; Danofloxacin monomethanesulfonate.
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	In vitro activity: Danofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent of the fluoroquinolone class, acts principally by the inhibition of bacterial DNA-gyrase, which is necessary for supercoiling of DNA to provide a suitable spatial arrangement of DNA within the bacterial cell. The minimum inhibitory concentration of danofloxacin against 90% (MIC90) of contemporary European and North American field isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus somnus, the most important bacterial respiratory pathogens of cattle, is 0.125 μg/ml.
ln Vivo	Danofloxacin shows protective dose (PD50) of 0.38, 0.8, 2.42 mg/kg for P. multocida, E. coli and S. choleraesuis in in vivo mouse protection assay.
Animal Protocol	Dissolved in 2.5% or 5% water solution; 0-10 mg/kg; p.o or s.c. Mice model
References	J Vet Pharmacol Ther.1991 Dec;14(4):400-10;J Med Chem.1992 Feb 21;35(4):611-20.
Additional Infomation	Danofloxacin mesylate is a member of quinolines.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

Water : 91~100 mg/mL(~220.52 mM) DMSO : ~20 mg/mL (~44.10 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.41 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.41 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.41 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: Saline: 30 mg/mL Solubility in Formulation 5: 50 mg/mL (110.26 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.2052 mL	11.0258 mL	22.0517 mL
	5 mM	0.4410 mL	2.2052 mL	4.4103 mL
	10 mM	0.2205 mL	1.1026 mL	2.2052 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.