Cimifugin (Cimitin) is a bioactive component of the Chinese herbal medicine Cimicifuga racemosa. Cimifugin may suppress allergic inflammation by reducing epithelium-derived active key factors through modulation of tight junctions. Cimifugin can reduce the migration and chemotaxis of RAW264.7 cells, inhibit the release of inflammatory factors induced by LPS and the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C16H18O6
Molecular Weight	306.3105
Exact Mass	306.11
CAS #	37921-38-3
PubChem CID	441960
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.4±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	546.4±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	204.9±23.6 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.599
LogP	1.21
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	3
Heavy Atom Count	22
Complexity	485
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	1
SMILES	CC(C)([C@@H]1CC2=C(O1)C=C3C(=C2OC)C(=O)C=C(O3)CO)O
InChi Key	ATDBDSBKYKMRGZ-ZDUSSCGKSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C16H18O6/c1-16(2,19)13-5-9-11(22-13)6-12-14(15(9)20-3)10(18)4-8(7-17)21-12/h4,6,13,17,19H,5,7H2,1-3H3/t13-/m0/s1
Chemical Name	(2S)-7-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4-methoxy-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-g]chromen-5-one
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	The effect of Cimifugin (Cimitin) on TSLP is greatly reduced when CLDN1 expression is inhibited with siRNA, implying that Cimifugin suppresses initiative cytokines by restoring TJs[1].
ln Vivo	A type 2 atopic dermatitis (AD) model is established by sensitizing mice to FITC, which strongly suppresses TSLP and IL-33 in the early stages of the model. Cimifugin (Cimitin; 12.5 or 50 mg/kg/day; intragastrically; 2 days). Cimifugin simultaneously boosts the expression of TJs and decreases the separation distance between epithelial cells[1].
References	[1]. Cimifugin suppresses allergic inflammation by reducing epithelial derived initiative key factors via regulating tight junctions. J Cell Mol Med. 2017 Nov;21(11):2926-2936. [2]. Cimifugin Inhibits Inflammatory Responses of RAW264.7 Cells Induced by Lipopolysaccharide. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:409-417. [3]. Duan J, Hu X, Li T, Wu G, Dou P, Ouyang Z. Cimifugin Suppresses NF-κB Signaling to Prevent Osteoclastogenesis and Periprosthetic Osteolysis. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:724256.
Additional Infomation	Cimifugin is an oxacycle and an organic heterotricyclic compound. Cimifugin has been reported in Angelica japonica, Actaea dahurica, and other organisms with data available.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~326.47 mM) H2O : ~33.33 mg/mL (~108.81 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.16 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.16 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.16 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: 50 mg/mL (163.23 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.2647 mL	16.3233 mL	32.6467 mL
	5 mM	0.6529 mL	3.2647 mL	6.5293 mL
	10 mM	0.3265 mL	1.6323 mL	3.2647 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.