Chromium(III) acetate (Chromic acetate) is an ionic cross-linker.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C6H9CRO6
Molecular Weight	229.13
Exact Mass	228.98
CAS #	1066-30-4
PubChem CID	14012
Appearance	Light green to green solid powder
Density	1.705
Boiling Point	212 °F at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	>400 °C
LogP	0.041
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	0
Heavy Atom Count	13
Complexity	25.5
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K
InChi Code	InChI=1S/3C2H4O2.Cr/c3*1-2(3)4;/h3*1H3,(H,3,4);/q;;;+3/p-3
Chemical Name	chromium(3+);triacetate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ADME/Pharmacokinetics	Metabolism / Metabolites Chromium is absorbed from oral, inhalation, or dermal exposure and distributes to nearly all tissues, with the highest concentrations found in kidney and liver. Bone is also a major storage site and may contribute to long-term retention. Hexavalent chromium's similarity to sulfate and chromate allow it to be transported into cells via sulfate transport mechanisms. Inside the cell, hexavalent chromium is reduced first to pentavalent chromium, then to trivalent chromium by many substances including ascorbate, glutathione, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Chromium is almost entirely excreted with the urine. (A12, L16)
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Toxicity Summary IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Chromium (III) acetate is a blue-violet crystalline powder. It is not registered for current pesticide use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. It is used in dyeing; in tanning; in hardening photographic emulsions; as oxidation catalyst; to improve light stability and dye affinity of textiles and polymers; and in catalyst for polymerization of olefins. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: There is no data. ANIMAL STUDIES: In studies in which chromium (III) acetate was administered by the oral route to mice and rats and by intrapleural and intramuscular administration to rats, the incidence of tumors was not increased. Salmonella typhimurium strain TA102, particularly suited to the detection of oxidative mutagens, was the most sensitive out of 9 strains of S. typhimurium his- in revealing the mutagenicity of Cr(VI) compounds. The rank of sensitivity was the following: TA102, TA100, TA97, TA92, TA1978, TA98, TA1538 and TA1537, TA1535 being the only insensitive strain. Cr(III) compounds (chromic acetate, chromic nitrate and chromic potassium sulfate) were totally inactive with all strains. Trivalent chromium may also form complexes with peptides, proteins, and DNA, resulting in DNA-protein crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinks, chromium-DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations and alterations in cellular signaling pathways. It has been shown to induce carcinogenesis by overstimulating cellular regulatory pathways and increasing peroxide levels by activating certain mitogen-activated protein kinases. It can also cause transcriptional repression by cross-linking histone deacetylase 1-DNA methyltransferase 1 complexes to CYP1A1 promoter chromatin, inhibiting histone modification. Chromium may increase its own toxicity by modifying metal regulatory transcription factor 1, causing the inhibition of zinc-induced metallothionein transcription. (A12, L16, A34, A35, A36) Toxicity Data LD50: 2365 mg/kg/day (Oral, Rat) (L16) Non-Human Toxicity Values LD50 Cartworth-Wistar Male Rat oral 2365 mg/kg/day chromium(III) acetate.
References	[1]. Rheological and transport properties of sulfonated polyacrylamide hydrogels for water shutoff in porous media. Polym. Adv. Technol. 2014, 25 396-405.
Additional Infomation	Chromic acetate appears as a grayish green to bluish green powder. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. It is used in tanning and in textile dyeing. Chromium(III) acetate is a chemical compound of chromium. Chromium is a chemical element which has the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is found naturally occuring in rocks, animals, plants, and soil, and is usually mined as chromite ore. Chromium is most toxic in its +6 oxidation state (chromium(VI)) due to its greater ability to enter cells and higher redox potential. Trivalent chromium (chromium(III)) however, is biologically necessary for sugar and lipid metabolism in humans. (L17) See also: Acetic acid, chromium salt, basic (annotation moved to).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 14.29 mg/mL (62.37 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (6.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 14.3 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (6.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 14.3 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.3643 mL	21.8217 mL	43.6433 mL
	5 mM	0.8729 mL	4.3643 mL	8.7287 mL
	10 mM	0.4364 mL	2.1822 mL	4.3643 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.