Cholesteryl hemisuccinate is a substance with hepatoprotective and anti-cancer activity. Cholesteryl hemisuccinate inhibits the hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen and prevents AAP-induced hepatocyte apoptosis (apoptosis) and necrosis (necrosis). Cholesteryl hemisuccinate inhibits DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as cell division. Therefore, cholesterol hemisuccinate inhibits tumor growth.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C31H50O4
Molecular Weight	486.73
Exact Mass	486.37
CAS #	1510-21-0
PubChem CID	65082
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	586.0±43.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	178 °C
Flash Point	179.6±21.7 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±3.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.529
LogP	10.32
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	10
Heavy Atom Count	35
Complexity	815
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	8
SMILES	C[C@H](CCCC(C)C)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CC=C4[C@@]3(CC[C@@H](C4)OC(=O)CCC(=O)O)C)C
InChi Key	WLNARFZDISHUGS-MIXBDBMTSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C31H50O4/c1-20(2)7-6-8-21(3)25-11-12-26-24-10-9-22-19-23(35-29(34)14-13-28(32)33)15-17-30(22,4)27(24)16-18-31(25,26)5/h9,20-21,23-27H,6-8,10-19H2,1-5H3,(H,32,33)/t21-,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,30+,31-/m1/s1
Chemical Name	4-[[(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-oxobutanoic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vivo	AAP-induced apoptosis (350–500 mg/kg; ip; single dose) in ICR mice (CD-1) is eliminated by cholesterol hemisuccinate (100 mg/kg; ip; single dose) Histological and biochemical detection of necrosis [1].
References	[1]. Protection of acetaminophen-induced hepatocellular apoptosis and necrosis by cholesteryl hemisuccinate pretreatment. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Dec;279(3):1470-83. [2]. Folated synperonic-cholesteryl hemisuccinate polymeric micelles for the targeted delivery of docetaxel in melanoma. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:746093.
Additional Infomation	Cholesteryl hemisuccinate is a dicarboxylic acid monoester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of cholesterol with one of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. A detergent that is often used to replace cholesterol in protein crystallography, biochemical studies of proteins, and pharmacology. It has a role as a detergent. It is a cholestane ester, a dicarboxylic acid monoester and a hemisuccinate. It is functionally related to a cholesterol.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

Ethanol : 25 mg/mL (51.36 mM) DMSO : 10 mg/mL (20.55 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH + stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.0545 mL	10.2726 mL	20.5453 mL
	5 mM	0.4109 mL	2.0545 mL	4.1091 mL
	10 mM	0.2055 mL	1.0273 mL	2.0545 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.