 Chemical Structure.png)
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C4D12CLN |
| Molecular Weight | 121.67 |
| Exact Mass | 121.141 |
| CAS # | 347841-81-0 |
| Related CAS # | 3858-78-4 (hydrochloride) |
| PubChem CID | 8007 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| Melting Point | -58 °F (NTP, 1992) |
| LogP | 2.247 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 1 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 5 |
| Complexity | 13.1 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| InChi Key | HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C4H11N/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-5H2,1H3 |
| Chemical Name | butan-1-amine |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers that influence measurement during the drug development process. It's possible that the pharmacokinetics and functional range of medications contribute to the concern over mutagenesis [1]. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion ... Recovered little ... n-butylamine in the urine after oral administration of the hydrochloride of this compound to humans ... Amines are well absorbed from gut & respiratory tract. /Aliphatic amines/ Metabolism / Metabolites Monoamine oxidase and diamine oxidase (histaminase) occur widely in animal tissues ... it is assumed that they play an important part in "detoxication" of amines not normally present /in the body/. /Aliphatic amines/ |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary IDENTIFICATION: sec-Butylamine is a colorless liquid with an ammoniacal odor. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents. Formulated products include phosphate and carbonate salts. Mixed solutions are not stable beyond three days and concentrates or mixed solutions require protection from direct ight or extremes in temperatures. sec-Butylamine is a fungicide particularly effective for the control of fruit rotting fungi. ANIMAL STUDIES: Groups of dogs were administered this compound as the carbonate or acetate salt and data were recorded for heart rate, respiration, blood pressure and EEG apparatus. IV administration of either the acetate or carbonate resulted in elevated blood pressure, heart rate and respiration. Intragastric administration of larger doses resulted in similar responses. Groups of rats 20 males and 20 females were utilized in a two litter generation, four generation. The Fo parents were allowed to bear six additional litters. The F1b, 2b and3b litters were used as parents for the following generation and maintained for varying periods (162-202 days after weaning their respective litters). Reproduction indices, fertility index, sestation index, viability index and lactation index were normal. A reduction of growth was noted throughout the study at the high dietary level. Reproduction was unimpaired for any of the eight litters produced by the Fo generation. Groups of rabbits were fed sec-butylamine phosphate in the diet and subjected to a two generation, one litter per generation reproduction study. Mortality of several animals was evident at the high dose. Animals switched from the high dose to a lower dose had no effect on fertility, duration of gestation, delivery of live progeny or lactation indices in both generations examined. Growth of the progeny in the F1 generation was normal, while it was slightly depressed in the F2. There was no effect of butylamine acetate noted on survival of offspring in either generation. Groups of Dutch Belted does (19 rabbits per group) were administered sec-butylamine daily from Day 8 through 18 of gestation. Mean fetal weights were lower than controls and a decreased viability of live fetuses was noted at the high dose level. There were no differences from controls with respect for reproduction, sex distribution of fetuses or the number of malformations found. Groups of 10 male and 10 female rats were fed sec-butylamine acetate in the diet for 3 months. At the high dose level a significant growth reduction was noted. A dose related leukopenia in both males and females was recorded. Gross and microscopic examination of tissues and organs showed no adverse effects of dietary sec-butylamine. Six male and six female rabbits were treated dermally for 20 days. A surfactant was present in the aqueous solution. The skin of half the animals was abraded prior to the initiation of the study. There was no mortality and only one animal of the abraded group showed adverse reactions (diarrhea) during the study. Growth, clinical chemistry, hematology and gross and microscopic examination of the tissues and organs were normal. The carcinogenic potential of sec-butylamine was judged to be low based on long term studies. In a feeding study using cows, residues of sec-butylamine were found in muscle, liver, fat and kidney. Data on the presence in urine and feces suggest it is easily absorbed in to the blood and excreted in the urine. Urinary samples from two dogs treated with sec-butylamine were acidified and distilled. A diphenylhydrazone was formed which corresponded to the product formed from a reaction with methyl ethyl ketone.[ Toxicity Data LCLo (rat) = 4,000 ppm/4H Non-Human Toxicity Values LD50 Rat oral 500 mg/kg LD50 Rat oral 366 mg/kg LD50 Rat ip 48 mg/kg LC50 Rat inhalation 4.2 mg/cu m/4 hr For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. LD50 Hen oral 250 mg/kg LD50 Rat oral 157.5 mg/kg (male); 146.8 mg/kg (female) LD50 Dog oral 225 mg/kg LD50 Rabbit dermal 2500 mg/kg LD50 Rat oral (female, male) 152 mg/kg |
| References |
[1]. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-216. |
| Additional Infomation |
N-butylamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point 10 °F. Less dense (6.2 lb / gal) than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Butan-1-amine is a primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1. Butylamine is a colourless liquid which acquires a yellow colour upon storage in air. It is one of the four isomeric amines of butane. It is known to have the fishy, ammonia-like odor common to amines. Butylamine has been reported in Cannabis sativa with data available. Mechanism of Action sec-Butylamine at 5 mM inhibited the oxidation of pyruvate by mitochondria isolated from hyphae of Penicillium digitatum ... sec-Butylamine did not interfere with oxidative phosphorylation, as evidenced by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex isolated from young hyphae of P digitatum that was inhibited strongly by 20 mM sec-butylamine, whereas other tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes were only slightly affected at most. Inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by sec-butylamine was competitive with respect to pyruvate. ... /Authors propose/ ... that the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is the primary site of the fungistatic action of sec-butylamine. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.2190 mL | 41.0948 mL | 82.1895 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6438 mL | 8.2190 mL | 16.4379 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8219 mL | 4.1095 mL | 8.2190 mL |