Br-PBTC is a potent, subtype 2/4-selective PAM (positive allosteric modulator) of nAChRs (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) α2β2, α2β4, α4β2, α4β4, (α4β2)2α4 and (α4β2)2β2 EC50 range is 0.1~0.6 μM. Br-PBTC acts from the c-tail of the α subunit.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C14H15BRN2OS
Molecular Weight	339.25
Exact Mass	338.008
CAS #	1839519-57-1
PubChem CID	124089453
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
LogP	3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	19
Complexity	341
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	1
SMILES	C1C[C@H](CNC1)NC(=O)C2=CC3=C(S2)C(=CC=C3)Br
InChi Key	LRYYPTVUWGMZQB-SNVBAGLBSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C14H15BrN2OS/c15-11-5-1-3-9-7-12(19-13(9)11)14(18)17-10-4-2-6-16-8-10/h1,3,5,7,10,16H,2,4,6,8H2,(H,17,18)/t10-/m1/s1
Chemical Name	7-bromo-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	nAChRs[1]
ln Vitro	Br-PBTC (0.01~10 μM; HEK cells) targets subunits 2 and 4 specifically. nAChRs with 2 subunits are more responsive to Br-PBTC (3 μM; oocytes) than those with 4 subunits. A maximal dose of ACh can enhance channel activation by Br-PBTC (0.01~10 μM; 15 minutes; HEK cells). Br-PBTC (3 μM; 50 s; oocytes) boosted α4β2 nAChRs' ACh activation by 385± 61%. In oocytes, Br-PBTC (3 μM) reactivates expressed short-term desensitized nAChRs. In HEK cells, Br-PBTC (3 μM; 500 seconds) reactivates the expression of short-term desensitized (α4β2)2α4 and (α4β2)2β2 nAChRs. Extended-duration desensitized nAChRs can be reactivated by Br-PBTC (0.1–100 μM; 0–140 seconds; HEK cells)[1].
References	[1]. A Novel α2/α4 Subtype-selective Positive Allosteric Modulator of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Acting from the C-tail of an α Subunit. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(48):28834-28846.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.9477 mL	14.7384 mL	29.4768 mL
	5 mM	0.5895 mL	2.9477 mL	5.8954 mL
	10 mM	0.2948 mL	1.4738 mL	2.9477 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.