Ammonium thiosulfate is a biochemical compound that could be utilized as a biomaterial or organic/chemical reagent in biomedical research.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	H8N2O3S2
Molecular Weight	148.21
Exact Mass	147.997
CAS #	7783-18-8
PubChem CID	6096946
Appearance	COLORLESS, MONOCLINIC CRYSTALS WHITE CRYSTALS
Density	1.679 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Melting Point	180°C (dec.)
LogP	1.842
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	0
Heavy Atom Count	7
Complexity	82.6
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	S(=O)([O-])([O-])=S.[N+]([H])([H])([H])[H].[N+]([H])([H])([H])[H]
InChi Key	XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/2H3N.H2O3S2/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h2*1H3;(H2,1,2,3,4)
Chemical Name	diazanium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-λ6-sulfane
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ADME/Pharmacokinetics	Absorption, Distribution and Excretion POORLY ABSORBED FROM ALIMENTARY TRACT AND SO ACTS AS AN OSMOTIC CATHARTIC. /THIOSULFATE SALTS/
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Toxicity Summary IDENTIFICATION AND USE:Ammonium thiosulfate exists as colorless, monoclinic or white crystals with ammonia like odor. It is very soluble in cold water; slightly soluble in acetone and insoluble in alcohol and ether. It is used to clean white metal; in lubricants for metal cold working, as an analytical reagent; fungicide, reducing agent; brightener in silver plating bath, and in hair waving preparations; fog screens, and cleaning compounds for zinc base die cast metals and it is used as a desiccant and defoliant in crop bearing plants. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Inhalation of dust may irritate respiratory system. Contact with eyes or skin may cause irritation. Ingestion may be harmful. ANIMAL STUDIES: No animal studies found. Toxicity Data LC (rat) > 2,260 mg/m3/4h
Additional Infomation	Ammonium thiosulfate is a white crystalline solid. It is very soluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat posed to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. It is used in photography, in chemical analysis, and for many other uses. Ammonium thiosulfate solution (60% or less) appears as an odorless colorless liquid. (USCG, 1999) Ammonium thiosulfate is an inorganic ammonium salt composed of ammonium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio. It is used in the leaching of gold and silver, as a fertilizer and as a photographic fixing salt. It has a role as a fertilizer, a herbicide safener, a bleaching agent and a reducing agent. It contains a thiosulfate(2-).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	6.7472 mL	33.7359 mL	67.4718 mL
	5 mM	1.3494 mL	6.7472 mL	13.4944 mL
	10 mM	0.6747 mL	3.3736 mL	6.7472 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.