Alifedrine, also known as D13625, is an inotropic drug. Alivudine modestly reduces the severity of ischemia- and reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Alivodine has an unusual and useful spectrum of pharmacological activity because it combines antiarrhythmic activity with the ability to improve cardiac function. Alifurdrine in the test model significantly improved left ventricular function by balancing myocardial stimulation and reducing preload and postload.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C18H28CLNO2
Molecular Weight	325.877
Exact Mass	325.181
Elemental Analysis	C, 66.34; H, 8.66; Cl, 10.88; N, 4.30; O, 9.82
CAS #	72913-80-5
Related CAS #	72913-80-5 (HCl);78756-61-3;
PubChem CID	51718
Appearance	Solid powder
LogP	4.43
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	7
Heavy Atom Count	22
Complexity	306
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	2
SMILES	CC(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)O)NCCC(=O)C2CCCCC2.Cl
InChi Key	AKEXDXACYGXMJG-DJKAKHFESA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C18H27NO2.ClH/c1-14(18(21)16-10-6-3-7-11-16)19-13-12-17(20)15-8-4-2-5-9-15;/h3,6-7,10-11,14-15,18-19,21H,2,4-5,8-9,12-13H2,1H3;1H/t14-,18-;/m0./s1
Chemical Name	1-cyclohexyl-3-(((1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino)propan-1-one hydrochloride
Synonyms	Alifedrine; Alifedrine HCl; D 13625; D-13625; D13625
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.03.00
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References

1: Anand IS, Hughes LO, Whittington JR, Raftery EB. Acute haemodynamic effects of different doses of alifedrine in congestive heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1989;36(4):335-41. PubMed PMID: 2737225. 2: Wan SK, Hoff W, Evans TR. Haemodynamic effects of intravenous and oral alifedrine in patients with cardiac failure. Curr Med Res Opin. 1988;11(4):242-53. PubMed PMID: 3215041. 3: Schanzenbächer P, Riegger G, Liebau G, Hockerts T, Kochsiek K. [Acute hemodynamic effects of alifedrine in patients with heart failure]. Z Kardiol. 1984 Feb;73(2):95-100. German. PubMed PMID: 6719988. 4: Wainwright CL, Parratt JR. Alifedrine, a positive inotropic agent that moderately reduces the severity of ischaemia and reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Eur J Pharmacol. 1988 Mar 15;147(3):373-80. PubMed PMID: 3378563. 5: Metzenauer P, Dedecke R, Göbel H, Martorana PA, Stroman F, Szelenyi I. Effects of the novel beta-adrenergic partial agonist alifedrine on cardiac performance in dogs with acute ischemic left ventricular failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1989 Jul;14(1):103-8. PubMed PMID: 2475700. 6: Engel J, Bekel H, Heiliger D, Schaumlöffel E. [14C-labeling of alifedrine hydrochloride, a new positive inotropic compound]. Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 1985 May;318(5):465-7. German. PubMed PMID: 4026541. 7: Bickel E, Engel J, Klingler KH. [Syntheses of 14C-1-erythro-norephedrine and its N-substitution products 14C-oxyfedrine and 14C-D 13,625]. Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(9):1213-5. German. PubMed PMID: 6685500. 8: Colucci WS, Wright RF, Braunwald E. New positive inotropic agents in the treatment of congestive heart failure. Mechanisms of action and recent clinical developments. 2. N Engl J Med. 1986 Feb 6;314(6):349-58. Review. PubMed PMID: 2418353.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.0686 mL	15.3431 mL	30.6861 mL
	5 mM	0.6137 mL	3.0686 mL	6.1372 mL
	10 mM	0.3069 mL	1.5343 mL	3.0686 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.