Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose sodium (ADP ribose sodium) is a novel nicotinamide adenine nucleotide (NAD+) metabolite, and is the most potent and primary intracellular Ca2+-permeable cation TRPM2 channel activator. Also enhances autophagy. The Ca(2+)-permeable cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) plays a key role in pathogen-evoked phagocyte activation, postischemic neuronal apoptosis, and glucose-evoked insulin secretion, by linking these cellular responses to oxidative stress.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C₁₅H₂₂N₅NAO₁₄P₂
Molecular Weight	581.30
Exact Mass	581.054
CAS #	68414-18-6
PubChem CID	16218837
Appearance	White to light yellow solid powder
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	8
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	18
Rotatable Bond Count	12
Heavy Atom Count	37
Complexity	860
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	LVIWKNSMPKNKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C15H23N5O14P2.Na/c16-13-9-14(18-4-17-13)20(5-19-9)15-12(26)11(25)8(33-15)3-32-36(29,30)34-35(27,28)31-2-7(23)10(24)6(22)1-21;/h1,4-8,10-12,15,22-26H,2-3H2,(H,27,28)(H,29,30)(H2,16,17,18);
Synonyms	Adenosine 5′diphosphoribose sodiumADP ribose sodium
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro

Treatment with H2O2 activates poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in mouse embryonic stem cells (MEFs) to produce sodium adenosine 5′-bisphosphate ribose (ADP-ribose), a signal that activates the TRPM2 channel and promotes Ca2+ release via extracellular Ca2+ influx and/or lysosomes. In the end, this process determines whether to trigger early or late autophagy in response to various oxidations [1]. Adenosine 5'-ribose diphosphate (ADP-ribose) binds to the distinct intracellular NUDT9 homology (NUDT9-H) domain of TRPM2, which is found at its C terminator, to activate it. Intracellular Ca2+ is a significant co-activator alongside ADPR; the TRPM2 channel only opens in the presence of both ligands [2].

References

[1]. The potential regulatory roles of NAD(+) and its metabolism in autophagy. Metabolism. 2016 Apr;65(4):454-62. [2]. Pore collapse underlies irreversible inactivation of TRPM2 cation channel currents. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 14;109(33):13440-5.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	H2O : ~125 mg/mL (~215.04 mM) DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~43.01 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (172.03 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.7203 mL	8.6014 mL	17.2028 mL
	5 mM	0.3441 mL	1.7203 mL	3.4406 mL
	10 mM	0.1720 mL	0.8601 mL	1.7203 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.