3'-Sialyllactose (3'-SL) sodium is a prebiotic that maintains immune homeostasis and exerts anti~inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects. 3'-Sialyllactose sodium is the lowest toxic common carbohydrate and can be used for inflammation research.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H38NNAO19
Molecular Weight	655.5329
Exact Mass	655.193
CAS #	128596-80-5
Related CAS #	128596-80-5
PubChem CID	71308479
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	12
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	19
Rotatable Bond Count	15
Heavy Atom Count	44
Complexity	934
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	15
SMILES	[Na+].O1[C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O[H])O[H])[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(C([H])([H])[C@@]1(C(=O)[O-])O[C@]1([H])[C@]([H])([C@]([H])(O[C@]([H])([C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O[H])[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(C([H])=O)O[H])O[H])O[C@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])[C@]1([H])O[H])O[H])O[H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=O
InChi Key	LTWFUJWFLMHANB-YZMHZYKKSA-M
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C23H39NO19.Na/c1-7(29)24-13-8(30)2-23(22(38)39,42-19(13)15(35)10(32)4-26)43-20-16(36)12(6-28)40-21(17(20)37)41-18(11(33)5-27)14(34)9(31)3-25;/h3,8-21,26-28,30-37H,2,4-6H2,1H3,(H,24,29)(H,38,39);/q;+1/p-1/t8-,9-,10+,11+,12+,13?,14+,15+,16-,17+,18+,19+,20-,21-,23-;/m0./s1
Chemical Name	sodium;(2S,4S,6R)-5-acetamido-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-1,2,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexan-3-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylate
Synonyms	3'-Sialyllactose sodium; 3'-SL sodium
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	3'-Sialyllactose sodium (0-250 μ; 24-36 h) increases extracellular sulphated proteoglycan accumulation, Col2a1 synthesis, and inhibits the effects of inflammatory cytokines[1]. In chondrocytes, 3'-Sialyllactose sodium (0-250 μM; 24 h) activates Sox9 expression while suppressing NF-κB activation[1]. In all strains, regardless of whether metabolic activation is present or absent, 3'-Sialyllactose sodium (0-5000 μg/plate) exhibits no mutagenic effect and exhibits no discernible growth inhibition or deposition[3]. In the presence or absence of metabolic activation, 3'-Sialyllactose sodium (1250 μg/mL) does not cause chromosomal aberrations and exhibits non-clastogenic effects[3].
ln Vivo	3'-Sialyllactose sodium (10-100 mg/kg; p.o. three times a week for 6 weeks) protects mice from osteoarthritis-induced cartilage destruction[1]. Inducing micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells with 3'-sialyllactose sodium (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg; oral administration; once) does not work[3]. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for male and female beagle dogs is greater than 2000 mg/kg, according to 3'-Sialyllactose sodium (oral administration; (500 to 1000 to 2000 mg/kg) every dose at 4-day intervals[3]. The highest dose tested for 3'-sialyllactose sodium (LD50) is above 20 g/kg bw[3].
Animal Protocol	8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice with medial meniscus surgery[1] 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg Oral gavage; 10-100 mg/kg three times a week; for 6 weeks
References	[1]. 3'-Sialyllactose protects against osteoarthritic development by facilitating cartilage homeostasis. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Jan;22(1):57-66. [2]. 3'-Sialyllactose prebiotics prevents skin inflammation via regulatory T cell differentiation in atopic dermatitis mouse models. Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 27;10(1):5603. [3]. Toxicological evaluation of 3'-sialyllactose sodium salt. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Apr;94:83-90.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O : ~250 mg/mL (~381.37 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.5255 mL	7.6274 mL	15.2548 mL
	5 mM	0.3051 mL	1.5255 mL	3.0510 mL
	10 mM	0.1525 mL	0.7627 mL	1.5255 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.