3,4,7,8-Tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (TMPhen) is an organic molecule extensively used as a ligand or catalyst. It has a wide range of applications in different fields, such as organometallic chemical reactions, electrochemical detection and organic optoelectronic devices. Due to its excellent performance in fluorescent probes, biosensors and photocatalytic reactions, it is extensively used in research in the fields of chemistry and life sciences.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C16H16N2
Molecular Weight	236.31
Exact Mass	236.131
CAS #	1660-93-1
PubChem CID	74265
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	435.2±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	277-280 °C(lit.)
Flash Point	192.6±18.6 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.662
LogP	3.62
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	0
Heavy Atom Count	18
Complexity	274
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	N1C([H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=C2C([H])=C([H])C3=C(C([H])([H])[H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=C([H])N=C3C=12
InChi Key	NPAXPTHCUCUHPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C16H16N2/c1-9-7-17-15-13(11(9)3)5-6-14-12(4)10(2)8-18-16(14)15/h5-8H,1-4H3
Chemical Name	3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro

For use in biological material or organic compound biochemistry, 3,4,7,8-Tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline is a biochemical reagent.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

Ethanol: 50 mg/mL (211.59 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.58 mg/mL (10.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.8 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.2317 mL	21.1586 mL	42.3173 mL
	5 mM	0.8463 mL	4.2317 mL	8.4635 mL
	10 mM	0.4232 mL	2.1159 mL	4.2317 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.