2-Methylbutyrylcarnitine is a fatty acid metabolite. 2-Methylbutyrylcarnitine mainly exists in the blood and urine of humans and animals and is produced through the pyruvate carboxylation pathway. 2-Methylbutyrylcarnitine has high levels in the plasma of subjects with steatohepatitis (NASH) and could be utilized as one of the indicators for the diagnosis of metabolic diseases.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C12H23NO4
Molecular Weight	245.32
Exact Mass	245.162
CAS #	256928-75-3
PubChem CID	6426901
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
LogP	-2.74
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	7
Heavy Atom Count	17
Complexity	265
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	IHCPDBBYTYJYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C12H23NO4/c1-6-9(2)12(16)17-10(7-11(14)15)8-13(3,4)5/h9-10H,6-8H2,1-5H3
Chemical Name	3-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References	[1]. Plasma metabolomic profile in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism. 2011 Mar;60(3):404-13.
Additional Infomation	2-methylbutyrylcarnitine is a C5-acylcarnitine having 2-methylbutyryl as the acyl substituent. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is functionally related to a 2-methylbutyric acid.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O: 125 mg/mL (509.54 mM) DMSO: 100 mg/mL (407.63 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.0763 mL	20.3815 mL	40.7631 mL
	5 mM	0.8153 mL	4.0763 mL	8.1526 mL
	10 mM	0.4076 mL	2.0382 mL	4.0763 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.