N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-Deoxyneuraminic Acid (Neu5Ac2en) is a potent neuraminidase inhibitor. N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-Deoxyneuraminic Acid exhibits inhibitory effect against human neuraminidase enzyme, with IC50s of 143, 43, 61 and 74 μM for human NEU1, NEU2, NEU3 and NEU4 respectively. N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-Deoxyneuramine Acid has anti-influenza virus activity.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C11H17NO8
Molecular Weight	291.25
Exact Mass	291.095
CAS #	24967-27-9
PubChem CID	65309
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.58g/cm3
Boiling Point	773.4ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	227-228ºC
Flash Point	421.6ºC
Vapour Pressure	1.27E-27mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.612
LogP	-2.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	6
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	8
Rotatable Bond Count	5
Heavy Atom Count	20
Complexity	409
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	5
SMILES	CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H](C=C(O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)C(=O)O)O
InChi Key	JINJZWSZQKHCIP-UFGQHTETSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C11H17NO8/c1-4(14)12-8-5(15)2-7(11(18)19)20-10(8)9(17)6(16)3-13/h2,5-6,8-10,13,15-17H,3H2,1H3,(H,12,14)(H,18,19)/t5-,6+,8+,9+,10+/m0/s1
Chemical Name	(2R,3R,4S)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-carboxylic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-Deoxyneuramine Acid (Neu5Ac2en) at concentrations between 10 and 100 μM strongly suppresses the activity of sialidase in INS-1D cells [4].
ln Vivo	In mouse models, N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-Deoxyneuramine Acid (Neu5Ac2en) (10 mg/kg; i.p.; daily) decreases lung fibrosis[3].
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: Mice (Mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis)[3] Doses: 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: Ip; daily (starting at day 10 after Bleomycin, and then euthanized at day 21) Experimental Results: Inhibition of sialidases starting at day 10 after bleomycin attenuates fibrosis.
References	[1]. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of human sialidase inhibitors. Part 1: selective inhibitors of lysosomal sialidase (NEU1). Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008;18(2):532-537. [2]. Sialidase-catalyzed one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of sialidase transition-state analogue inhibitors. ACS Catal. 2018;8(1):43-47. [3]. Sialidase inhibitors attenuate pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):15069. Published 2017 Nov 8. [4]. The sialidase inhibitor 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid is a glucose-dependent potentiator of insulin secretion. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5198. Published 2020 Mar 23.
Additional Infomation	2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid is n-Acetylneuraminic acid reduced across the 2,3-bond with loss of the hydroxy group at C-2; it is a minor component of body fluids although abundant in sialuria. It is a conjugate acid of a 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminate.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (114.44 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.4335 mL	17.1674 mL	34.3348 mL
	5 mM	0.6867 mL	3.4335 mL	6.8670 mL
	10 mM	0.3433 mL	1.7167 mL	3.4335 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.