(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (Garcinia lactone) is a weight loss drug and a popular weight loss food supplement. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone is a potent ATP-citrate lyase inhibitor. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone catalyzes the extramitochondrial cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA, limiting the availability of acetyl-CoA units required for fatty acid synthesis.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C6H6O7
Molecular Weight	190.10764
Exact Mass	190.011
CAS #	27750-13-6
PubChem CID	9991606
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.976
LogP	-1.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	7
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	13
Complexity	283
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	2
SMILES	C1C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]1(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O
InChi Key	PFHZIWAVXDSFTB-CVYQJGLWSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C6H6O7/c7-2-1-6(12,5(10)11)3(13-2)4(8)9/h3,12H,1H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)/t3-,6+/m1/s1
Chemical Name	(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-5-oxooxolane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vivo	(-)-Hydroxycitrolactone (1000-3000 mg/kg; fed for 4 weeks) at 2000 and 3000 mg/kg significantly decreased the body weight of chickens [2].
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: 1-day-old male broiler chicken [2] Doses: 1000, 2000, 3000 mg/kg Route of Administration: Feed for 4 weeks Experimental Results: Body weight and average daily gain (ADG) at 2000 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg Dramatically diminished.
References	[1]. Chemistry and biochemistry of (-)-hydroxycitric acid from Garcinia. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jan 2;50(1):10-22. [2]. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid reduced fat deposition via regulating lipid metabolism-related geneexpression in broiler chickens. Lipids Health Dis. 2016 Feb 24;15:37.
Additional Infomation	(+)-garcinia acid is a butan-4-olide and a hydroxy carboxylic acid. It has a role as a metabolite. Hydroxycitric acid lactone has been reported in Garcinia cowa and Garcinia gummi-gutta with data available. See also: Garcinia gummi-gutta fruit (part of).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~1315.03 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.94 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.94 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.94 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	5.2601 mL	26.3006 mL	52.6011 mL
	5 mM	1.0520 mL	5.2601 mL	10.5202 mL
	10 mM	0.5260 mL	2.6301 mL	5.2601 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.