| Description | Phenothiazine (ENT 38) is a class of agents exhibiting antiemetic, antipsychotic, antihistaminic, and anticholinergic activities. Phenothiazines antagonize the dopamine D2-receptor in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the brain, potentially preventing chemotherapy-induced emesis. |
| In vitro | Phenothiazine 在10位多以二烷基氨基烷基团代替,并在2位进一步以小基团取代。Phenothiazine 显示出多种重要的活性,包括抗精神病、抗呕吐、抗组胺、抗瘙痒、镇痛和驱虫作用。2-三氟甲基-10-(4-氨基丁基)Phenothiazine对S. cerevisiae菌株及T. mentagrophites显示出MIC值分别为0.4 μg/mL和1.5 μg/mL的抑制作用。10-氨基甲氧基烷基Phenothiazine 对于革兰阳性的Bacillus subtilis表现出显著活性,MIC在7.8 μg/mL到30 μg/mL范围。四环Phenothiazine (经萘醌环改造)对S. aureus显示出显著的抗细菌活性,MIC50为12.5 μg/mL。与丙烯连接基相比,丁烯连接基的Phenothiazine 更有效,其中2-氯-10-(2-氯乙氧基)氨基丁基衍生物对白血病细胞系和结肠癌细胞系的GI50值分别为1.4 μM和1.6 μM。10-氨基(羟基)丙基Phenothiazine (5 μM)在培养两天后能显著地诱导人类转化的WI38VA细胞产生G2/M期细胞周期阻滞,促进细胞死亡。[1]Phenothiazine 在体内经历广泛的代谢,经环氧化、环硫氧化、N-去甲基化、N-氧化、硫酸盐和葡萄糖醛酸结合代谢途径之后被排泄。Phenothiazine 与α2-肾上腺素受体的结合亲和力明显低于其与多巴胺D2受体和α1-肾上腺素受体的亲和力。[2]henothiazine 对敏感的、多药和多重耐药M. tuberculosis菌株有显著的体外活性,可增强一些用于一线治疗的化合物的活性。[3] |
| Synonyms | ENT 38, 吩噻嗪 |
| molecular weight | 199.27 |
| Molecular formula | C12H9NS |
| CAS | 92-84-2 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year |
| Solubility | DMSO: 45 mg/mL (225.82 mM) Ethanol: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) H2O: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) |
| References | 1. Pluta K, et al. Eur J Med Chem, 2011, 46(8), 3179-3189. 2. Hals PA, et al. Eur J Pharmacol, 1986, 125(3), 373-381. 3. Amaral L, et al. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2001, 47(5), 505-511. |