| Description | DMPO (5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide) is a hydrophilic spin trap that is cell permeable. DMPO can be used in a superoxide assay to detect superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. |
| In vitro | 方法：牛主动脉内皮细胞 BAEC 用 SIN-1 (500 µM) 和 DMPO (25-100 µM) 处理 6-24 h，使用 MTT assay 检测细胞活力。结果：SIN-1 处理产生显著的细胞毒性。SIN-1 与 DMPO 共同孵育时，细胞活力以剂量和时间依赖的方式增加。[1]方法：巨噬细胞 RAW 264.7 用 LPS (1 ng/mL) 和 DMPO (50 mM) 处理 24 h，使用 colorimetric assay 检测亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐。结果：LPS 激活 RAW 264.7 细胞产生·NO。LPS 在培养基中将亚硝酸盐和硝酸根以约 3:2 的比例诱导积累。DMPO 减少了亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的产生，但不影响亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐的比例。[2] |
| In vivo | 方法：为在体内检测所得自由基加合物的情况下自旋捕获羟基自由基，将 DMPO (10 mmol/kg) 或 DEPMPO (10 mmol/kg) 腹腔注射给小鼠，10 min 重新分布自旋陷阱。结果：DEPMPO 可以在体内成功地形成 HO 自由基加合物，并且在这方面与 DMPO 相比提供了显著的优势。DEPMPO 在体内捕获 SO3• 方面比 DMPO 更有效。[3] |
| Synonyms | 5,5-二甲基-1-吡咯啉-N-氧化物, 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide |
| molecular weight | 113.16 |
| Molecular formula | C6H11NO |
| CAS | 3317-61-1 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice. |
| Solubility | DMSO: 55 mg/mL (486.04 mM) |
| References | 1. Das A, et al. Reversal of SIN-1-induced eNOS dysfunction by the spin trap, DMPO, in bovine aortic endothelial cells via eNOS phosphorylation. Br J Pharmacol. 2014 May;171(9):2321-34. 2. Zhai Z, et al. The nitrone spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide affects stress response and fate of lipopolysaccharide-primed RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Inflammation. 2013 Apr;36(2):346-54. 3. Timmins GS, et al. Trapping of free radicals with direct in vivo EPR detection: a comparison of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide as spin traps for HO* and SO4*-. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Aug;27(3-4):329-33. |