| Description | CP-91149 is a selective glycogen phosphorylase (GP) inhibitor with IC50 of 0.13 μM in the presence of glucose, 5- to 10-fold less potent in the absence of glucose. |
| In vitro | CP-91149 displays 200-fold higher inhibitory activity against human liver glycogen phosphorylase a (HLGPa) than caffeine (IC50 = 26 μM). CP-91149 (10-100 μM) inhibits glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis in isolated rat hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and in primary human hepatocytes with IC50 of ~2.1 μM. [1] CP-91149 also potently inhibits the activities of human muscle phosphorylase a and b with IC50 of 0.2 μM and ~0.3 μM, respectively. CP-91149 treatment at 2.5 μM induces inactivation of phosphorylase and sequential activation of glycogen synthase in hepatocytes, and increases glycogen synthesis by 7-fold at 5 mM glucose and by 2-fold at 20 mM glucose. CP-91149 can partially counteract the effects of phosphorylase overexpression. [2] CP-91149 also potently inhibits brain GP with IC50 of 0.5 μM in A549 cells. CP-91149 treatment at 10-30 μM causes significant glycogen accumulation in A549 and HSF55 cells. CP-91149 treatment increases G1-phase cells with a significant reduction of the S-phase population in HSF55 cells, correlated with increased expression of p21 and p27. [3] CP-91149 also promotes the dephosphorylation and activation of GS (glycogen synthase) in non-engineered or GP-overexpressing cultured human muscle cells, but exclusively in glucose-deprived cells. [4] |
| In vivo | Oral administration of CP-91149 to diabetic ob/ob mice at 25-50 mg/kg causes rapid (3 hours) glucose lowering by 100-120 mg/dl without producing hypoglycemia, resulting from inhibition of glycogenolysis in vivo. CP-91149 treatment does not lower glucose levels in normoglycemic, nondiabetic mice. [1] In the non-fasted Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, administration of CP-91149 in combination with CS-917 suppresses hepatic glycogen reduction by CS-917 and decreases plasma glucose more than single administration of CS-917. [5] |
| Cell experiments | Cells are exposed to various concentrations of CP-91149 for 72hours. Viability is determined with manual cell counts following staining with trypan blue exclusion assay. Cells are fixed with 70% ethanol. DNA is stained with propidium iodide and the intensity of fluorescence is measured using a Becton-Dickinson flow cytometer at 488 nM for excitation and at 650 nM for emission. The cell cycle profile is analyzed using Modifit's Sync Wizard.(Only for Reference) |
| Target activity | GP:0.13 μM |
| molecular weight | 399.87 |
| Molecular formula | C21H22ClN3O3 |
| CAS | 186392-40-5 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year |
| Solubility | Ethanol: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) H2O: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) DMSO: 40 mg/mL (100.03 mM) |
| References | 1. Martin WH, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1998, 95(4), 1776-1781. 2. Aiston S, et al. J Biol Chem, 2001, 276(26), 23858-23866. 3. Schnier JB, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2003, 309(1), 126-134. 4. Lerín C, et al. Biochem J. 2004 Mar 15;378(Pt 3):1073-7. 5. Yoshida T, et al. J Pharmacol Sci, 2011, 115(3), 329-335. |