| Description | Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (NSC-185) is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque. |
| In vitro | Chlorhexidine（氯己定）作为化学抗菌剂，对Gram-positive（革兰氏阳性菌）和Gram-negative（革兰氏阴性菌）细菌均有效，但对某些Gram-negative菌效果稍差。其抗菌机制包括杀菌作用和静菌作用，主要通过破坏细菌膜结构实现，并非之前认为的ATP酶失活。此外，Chlorhexidine对真菌和有包膜病毒同样有效，尽管相关研究尚不充分。高浓度下Chlorhexidine具有毒性，但低浓度时则广泛用于各类产品如漱口水和隐形眼镜护理液等，使用安全。 |
| Synonyms | 盐酸氯己定, Chlorhexidine hydrochloride, Chlorhexidine 2HCl, NSC-185 |
| molecular weight | 578.38 |
| Molecular formula | C22H32Cl4N10 |
| CAS | 3697-42-5 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year |
| Solubility | Ethanol: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) DMSO: 93 mg/mL (160.8 mM) |
| References | 1. Jenkins S, et al. J Clin Periodontol, 1988, 15(7), 415-424. 2. Maki DG, et al. Lancet, 1991, 338(8763), 339-343. |
| Citations | 1. Sanders D W, Jumper C C, Ackerman P J, et al. SARS-CoV-2 requires cholesterol for viral entry and pathological syncytia formation. Elife. 2021, 10: e65962. |