| Description | Sulforaphane is derived from the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli. It has shown anticancer and cardioprotective activities. |
| In vitro | Sulforaphane以剂量依赖的方式引起细胞周期阻滞，随后导致细胞死亡。这种由sulforaphane引起的细胞周期阻滞与cyclins A和B1表达增加有关。Sulforaphane通过凋亡过程诱导细胞死亡，并抑制HT29静息结肠癌细胞的生长重启及降低细胞活性，对分化的CaCo2细胞毒性较低[1]。H9c2大鼠心肌细胞预处理sulforaphane可减少凋亡细胞数和凋亡蛋白表达，并降低多柔比星引起的线粒体膜电位增加。此外，sulforaphane增加血红素加氧酶-1的mRNA和蛋白表达，从而降低多柔比星引起的线粒体反应性氧种类水平[2]。 |
| In vivo | 给予sulforaphane能够降低单剂量DMBA诱发的雌性SD大鼠乳腺肿瘤的发生率、数量、体重，并延缓其发展[3]。 |
| Cell experiments | HT29 cells are seeded at low density (5×10^4 cells/mL) in 35- or 120-mm diameter Primaria dishes in standard medium containing 5% FCS. One day after seeding, the medium is changed, and HT29 cells are treated with sulforaphane (0-30 μM). An equivalent amount of the solvent (ethanol) is added to control cells (0.2% final concentration). The drug effect on cellular viability is evaluated using the MTT assay [1]. |
| Animal experiments | At age 47, 48, 49, 50, and 51 days, each animal receives by gavage either 0.5 mL of Emulphor EL-620 alone or the specified doses (75, 100, or 150 μM daily) of sulforaphane or compound 2, 3, or 4 in 0.5 mL of Emulphor EL-620. On day 50, 3 hr after administration of the vehicle or protector, all rats also receive an intragastric instillation of 8.0 mg of DMBA dissolved in 1.0 mL of sesame oil. This dose of DMBA is selected to produce a substantial tumor incidence, but not one so high as to overwhelm a potential chemoprotective effect. The animals are examined once weekly for the appearance and location of palpable tumors. At age 202 days, i.e., 152 days after carcinogen administration, all animals are euthanized with ether and weighed. The tumors are separated from the fat and connective tissue by dissection weighed and fixed in buffered 10% formalin. All tumors are identified microscopically by examination of stained sections [3]. |
| Synonyms | 萝卜硫素 |
| molecular weight | 177.29 |
| Molecular formula | C6H11NOS2 |
| CAS | 4478-93-7 |
| Storage | keep away from direct sunlight | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year |
| Solubility | DMSO: 55 mg/mL (310.23 mM) |
| References | 1. Gamet-Payrastre L, et al. Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HT29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1426-33. 2. Li B, et al. Sulforaphane prevents doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and cell death in rat H9c2 cells. Int J Mol Med. 2015 Jul;36(1):53-64. 3. Zhang Y, et al. Anticarcinogenic activities of sulforaphane and structurally related synthetic norbornylisothiocyanates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 12;91(8):3147-50. |