| Description | Azithromycin hydrate (CP-62993 dihydrate) is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. |
| In vivo | Azithromycin (50 mg/kg) has no effect on bronchoalveolar lavage inflammatory parameters and LDH levels in a mouse model of asthma exacerbation. Azithromycin induces neither general inflammatory parameters nor LDH release in a mouse model of asthma exacerbation, and augments expression of interferon-stimulated genes and the pattern recognition receptor MDA5 which is sufficient to reduce viral load, but not RIG-I in exacerbating mice[2]. |
| Cell experiments | THP-1 cells (106 cells in 1 mL RPMI medium, without antibiotics, growth factors or serum) are seeded in each well of 24-well plates and allowed to settle for 1 hour. Next, 50 μL of the test compound is added followed by 50 μL of LPS (final concentration of 10 μg/mL). After 24h (37°C and 5% CO2) the supernatants and cell pellets are collected (1200 rpm, 5 min). THP-1 cell viability is tested using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). MTT is dissolved at 2 mg/mL in PBS and aliquots are stored at -20°C. The MTT assay is performed according to the suppliers instructions. Absorbance of MTT converted into formazan is measured at a wavelength of 570 nm with background subtraction at 630 nm. |
| Synonyms | CP-62993 dihydrate, 阿奇霉素二水物, Azithromycin dihydrate, 阿奇霉素二水合物 |
| molecular weight | 785.03 |
| Molecular formula | C38H72N2O12·2H2O |
| CAS | 117772-70-0 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year |
| Solubility | H2O: 10 mg/mL (12.73 mM) DMSO: 50 mg/mL (63.69 mM) Ethanol: 93 mg/mL (118.5 mM) |
| References | 1. Peters DH, et al. Drugs, 1992, 44(5), 750-799. 2. Menzel M, et al. Azithromycin augments rhinovirus-induced IFNβ via cytosolic MDA5 in experimental models of asthma exacerbation. Oncotarget. 2017 Mar 18. |