| Bioactivity | Verrucarin A (Muconomycin A), a Type D macrocyclic mycotoxin derived from the pathogen fungus Myrothecium verrucaria, is an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Verrucarin A inhibits growth of leukemia cell lines and activates caspases and apoptosis and inflammatory signaling in macrophages. Verrucarin A effectively increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and diminished the phosphorylation of ERK/Akt. Verrucarin A caused cell cycle deregulation through the induction of p21 and p53[1][2]. | |||||||||
| Invitro | Verrucarin A (0-0.6 μM/ml; 24-48 hours)-induces time- and dose-dependent growth inhibition in MCF-7 cells[1].Verrucarin A increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and subsequently induces mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) loss, leading to the increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c release, caspase activation, PARP degradation, and apoptosis[1]. Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Line: | |||||||||
| Name | Verrucarin A | |||||||||
| CAS | 3148-09-2 | |||||||||
| Formula | C27H34O9 | |||||||||
| Molar Mass | 502.55 | |||||||||
| Transport | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. | |||||||||
| Storage |
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