| Bioactivity | TWS119 is a specific inhibitor of GSK-3β, with an IC50 of 30 nM, and activates the wnt/β-catenin pathway. | ||||||||||||
| Invitro | TWS119 induces neuronal differentiation in P19 EC cells and primary mouse ESCs. TWS119 binds to GSK-3β with KD of 126 nM, and modulates the activity of the complex, triggering downstream transcriptional events that lead the neuronal induction[1]. TWS119 (< 4 μM) significantly enhances the proliferation and survival of γδT cells via activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, upregulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and inhibition of cleaved caspase-3. TWS119 (0-8 μM) induces the generation of CD62L+γδT or CCR5+γδT cell phenotypes. TWS119 (0.5, 1.0 and 2 μM) increases the expression level of granzyme B in a dose-dependent manner. TWS119 also enhances the cytolytic activity of γδT cells against tumour cells in vitro[3]. | ||||||||||||
| In Vivo | TWS119 (30 mg/kg, i.p.) improves the neurologic function and decreases neurologic deficit dcore in rtPA-treated MCAO rats. TWS119 effectively relieves cerebral edema, and reduces cerebral infarction in rats treated with rtPA. TWS119 also effectively decreases blood-brain barrier permeability in rtPA-Treated MCAO Rats and attenuates rtPA-induced hemorrhage in ischemic brain tissue. Futhermore, TWS119 activates the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and increases the expression of Claudin-3 and ZO-1[2]. | ||||||||||||
| Name | TWS119 | ||||||||||||
| CAS | 601514-19-6 | ||||||||||||
| Formula | C18H14N4O2 | ||||||||||||
| Molar Mass | 318.33 | ||||||||||||
| Appearance | Solid | ||||||||||||
| Transport | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. | ||||||||||||
| Storage |
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| Reference | [1]. Ding S, et al. Synthetic small molecules that control stem cell fate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jun 24;100(13):7632-7. Epub 2003 Jun 6. [2]. Wang W, et al. GSK-3β inhibitor TWS119 attenuates rtPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway after acute ischemic stroke in rats. Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Dec;53(10):7028-7036. Epub 2015 Dec 15. [3]. Chen YQ, et al. Wnt pathway activator TWS119 enhances the proliferation and cytolytic activity of human γδT cells against colon cancer. Exp Cell Res. 2017 Nov 16. pii: S0014-4827(17)30587-6. |