| Bioactivity | Firocoxib (ML 1785713) is a potent, selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.13 μM. Firocoxib shows 58-fold more selective for COX-2 than COX-1 (IC50 of 7.5 μM). Firocoxib has anti-inflammatory effects[1]. |
| Invitro | The COX-1:COX-2 selectivity ratios generally are established by comparing the IC50 for COX-1 to the IC50 for COX-2. The IC80 value more closely resembles the steady-state plasma drug concentration than does the IC50 value[1].The selectivity ratio for Firocoxib based on the IC80 values is 121 (IC80 of 0.36 μM and 43.6 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively), indicating that selectivity for COX-2 is not reduced at concentrations higher than the IC50. Notably, Firocoxib concentrations that yield 80% to 95% inhibition of COX-2 produce < 20% inhibition of COX-1[1]. |
| In Vivo | Firocoxib (0.75-1.5mg/kg; oral gavage; female domestic shorthair cats) treatment efficacious in attenuating fever when administered to cats 1 or 14 hours before LPS challenge[1].Pharmacokinetic properties of Firocoxib are determined after i.v. (2 mg/kg) and oral (3 mg/kg) administration in male cats. Firocoxib has moderate to high oral bioavailability (54% to 70%), low plasma clearance (4.7 to 5.8 mL/min/kg), and an elimination half-life of 8.7 to 12.2 hours[1]. Animal Model: |
| Name | Firocoxib |
| CAS | 189954-96-9 |
| Formula | C17H20O5S |
| Molar Mass | 336.40 |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Transport | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
| Storage | 4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen) |
| Reference | [1]. Steagall PV, et al. Evaluation of the adverse effects of oral firocoxib in healthy dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Jun;30(3):218-23. [2]. Stock ML, et al. Pharmacokinetics of firocoxib in preweaned calves after oral and intravenous administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Oct;37(5):457-63. [3]. Albanese F, et al. Clinical outcome and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression in five dogs with solar dermatitis/actinic keratosis treated with firocoxib. Vet Dermatol. 2013 Dec;24(6):606-12, e147. [4]. [1].McCann ME, et al. In vitro effects and in vivo efficacy of a novel cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in cats with lipopolysaccharide-induced pyrexia. Am J Vet Res. 2005 Jul;66(7):1278-84. |